بررسی تاثیر آموزش کمک‌های اولیه بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی بر ارتقاء عملکرد مادران دارای کودک زیر 6 سال در زمان سانحه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آموزش بهداشت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

2 گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: حوادث یکی از مهم‌ترین علل مرگ و معلولیت‌های کودکان است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش کمک‌های اولیه بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی بر ارتقای عملکرد مادران دارای کودک زیر 6 سال در زمان سانحه در شهرستان ازنا انجام پذیرفته است.
مواد و روش ها: مطالعه از نوع نیمه‌تجربی است که روی 100 نفر از مادران دارای کودک زیر 6 سال مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشت شهرستان ازنا در سال 1401-1400 انجام پذیرفته است. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت تصادفی از مراکز بهداشتی درمانی اخذ و در قالب دو گروه مورد و شاهد ( هر کدام 50 نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه مورد تحت چهار جلسه آموزشی بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی و گروه شاهد نیز تحت آموزش‌های منظم مراکز بهداشتی قرار گرفتند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از طریق پرسشنامه پایا و روا بوده و بعد از سه ماه پیگیری مجدداً اطلاعات از هر دو گروه جمع‌آوری و با بهره‌گیری از آزمون‌های کای دو، تی مستقل، من ویتنی، ویلکاکسون و آنکوا داده‌ها مورد تجزیه ‌و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: میانگین نمره سازه‌های مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی و عملکرد مادران در گروه آزمون و کنترل قبل از مداخله تفاوت معنا‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0p>)، اما بعد از مداخله تفاوت معناداری داشتند (001/0<p). در این مطالعه میانگین نمره عملکرد مادران در گروه آزمون در قبل و بعد از مداخله به‌ترتیب برابر 08/10±3/52 و 66/11±53/69 بود که با یکدیگر اختلاف معنا‌داری داشتند (001/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه، مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر نیازسنجی اولیه بر مبنای مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی در بهبود عملکرد مادران در خصوص انجام کمک‌های اولیه در هنگام بروز سوانح و حوادث در کودکان مؤثر بود و می‌تواند برای طراحی برنامه‌های آموزشی مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the effect of first aid training based on the health belief model on improving the performance of mothers with children under 6 years old at the time of an accident

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rohollah Nori 1
  • Mohsen Shamsi 1
  • Mahboobeh Khorsandi 1
  • Amir Almasi 2
1 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2 Department of Epidmiology, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Accidents are one of the most important causes of death and disabilities in children. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of first aid training based on the health belief model on improving the performance of mothers with children under 6 years old at the time of an accident in Azna city.
Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on 100 mothers with children under 6 years of age who referred to health centers in Azna city from 2021 till 2022. Random sampling was taken from health centers and divided into two groups of case and control (50 people each). The case group underwent four training sessions based on the health belief model, and the control group underwent routine training at health centers. The tool for collecting information through a questionnaire was reliable and valid, and after three months of follow-up, data from both groups were collected and with Chi-Square, T-Test, Man-Wheytni, Wilcoxon, and ANCOVA analysed.
Results: There was no significant difference in the mean scores of the health belief model constructs and mothers' performance in the test and control groups before the intervention (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference after the intervention (p<0.001). In this study, the average performance score of mothers in the test group before and after the intervention was 52.3±10.08 and 69.53±11.66, respectively, which were significantly different from each other (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the educational intervention based on the initial needs assessment based on the health belief model was effective in improving the performance of mothers in performing first aid during accidents and incidents in children and can be useful for designing educational programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Child
  • Education
  • First aid
  • Mothers

مراجع

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دانشور پزشکی
دوره 31، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 165
خرداد و تیر 1402
صفحه 24-35

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