اثر محرومیت از خواب بر عملکرد استقامتی و پاسخ‌های هورمونی به فعالیت استقامتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: محرومیت از خواب بر عملکرد فیزیولوژیکی و روانی افراد،  تأثیرگذار است و به­احتمال، تقاضای انرژی دستگاه­های بدن را افزایش­می­دهد. به­نظرمی­رسد محرومیت از خواب می­تواند بر عملکرد ورزشکاران، آثاری منفی داشته­باشد و ترشح هورمون­های بدن را تحت تأثیر قراردهد. پژوهش حاضر، اثر محرومیت از خواب را بر عملکرد استقامتی و پاسخ­های هورمونی به فعالیت استقامتی بررسی­کرده­است.
 مواد و روش­ها: 20 مرد جوان با سابقه تمرین مقاومتی به­طور تصادفی و دوسو کور به دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تقسیم­شدند. در دو روز مجزا یک­بار پس از خواب شبانه­روزی طبیعی و بار دیگر پس از 24 ساعت محرومیت از خواب عملکرد استقامتی آزمودنی­ها با استفاده از آزمون بروس ارزیابی­شد. بلافاصله پس از آزمون بروس، نمونه­های خونی جمع­آوری و سطوح کورتیزول و تستوسترون با روش Chemiluminescence و سطوح اپی­نفرین و نوراپی­نفرین با روش الایزا اندازه­گیری­شد. به­منظور تجزیه­وتحلیل داده­ها از آزمون­های آماری t وابسته و t مستقل به­ترتیب برای بررسی تغییرهای درون­گروهی و میان­گروهی متغیرهای پژوهش استفاده­شد.
 نتایج: در گروه تجربی حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی به­طور معنی­داری، کاهش (048/0=P) و کورتیزول به­طور معنی­داری افزایش­یافت (005/0=P). کورتیزول پس آزمون گروه تجربی به­طور معنی­داری بیشتر از گروه کنترل بود (022/0=P) ولی در سایر متغیرها تفاوتی معنی­دار میان دو گروه مشاهده­نشد.
 نتیجه­ گیری: مطالعه ما نشان­داد که 24 ساعت محرومیت از خواب می­تواند آثار منفی بر عملکرد استقامتی داشته­باشد و موجب افزایش پاسخ کورتیزول و عدم تغییر پاسخ تستوسترون، اپی­نفرین و نوراپی­نفرین به فعالیت استقامتی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of sleep deprivation on endurance performance and hormonal responses to endurance exercise

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Arazi 1
  • Ahmad Ghiasi 2
  • Kako Hosseini 2
  • Khaled Pirikord 2
1 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Sleep deprivation affects physiological and psychological functioning and probably increases the body's energy demand. It seems that sleep deprivation can have a negative effect on athletes' performance and affect the body's hormones secretion. This study investigated the effect of 24-hour sleep deprivation on endurance performance and hormonal responses to endurance exercise.
 
Materials and Methods: Twenty young men with a history of resistance training were divided into experimental and control groups (double blind and randomly). In two separate days, once after a normal circadian sleep and again after 24 hours of sleep deprivation, endurance performance of subjects was assessed using the Bruce test. Immediately after the Bruce test, blood samples were collected and level of cortisol and testosterone with chemiluminescence method and level of epinephrine and norepinephrine with ELISA method were measured. In order to analyze data, the dependent and independent t-tests were used respectively to examine within groups and between groups changes of variables.
 
Results: The maximal oxygen consumption significantly decreased and cortisol level increased in the experimental group. Post-test cortisol level in experimental group was significantly higher than control group, but regarding other variables, there were not a significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: Our study indicated that 24-hour sleep deprivation can have negative effects on endurance performance and increases cortisol response to endurance exercise, but it does not change testosterone, epinephrine and norepinephrine response to endurance exercise.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sleep deprivation
  • Endurance performance
  • Hormonal responses

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