اثربخشی درمانگری شناختی رفتاری بر متغیرهای شناختی و هیجانی در دانشجویان مبتلا به اختلال بی‌خوابی دانشگاه کردستان در سال 1395

نویسندگان

گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی درمانگری شناختی رفتاری بر باورها و بازخوردهای نارساکنش درباره خواب، نشخوار فکری، نگرانی و برانگیختگی پیش از خواب در دانشجویان مبتلا به اختلال بی­خوابی دانشگاه کردستان بود.
 
مواد و روش­ها: این پژوهش به روش نیمه آزمایشی و با استفاده از طرح پیش‌آزمون - پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش، کلیه دانشجویانی بودند که در سال تحصیلی 95-1394 در دانشگاه کردستان مشغول به تحصیل بودند. نمونه پژوهش شامل 34 دانشجوی مبتلا به بی­خوابی بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه 17 نفری آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند و پرسشنامه­های شدت بی­خوابی، باورها و بازخوردهای ناکارآمد درباره خواب، نشخوار فکری، نگرانی و برانگیختگی پیش از خواب را تکمیل نمودند. به افراد گروه آزمایش به مدت 12 جلسه 75 دقیقه‌ای درمان شناختی رفتاری برای بی­خوابی ارائه گردید؛ اما گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله­ای دریافت نکرد. داده­ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و تحلیل واریانس مکرر تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
 
نتایج: نتایج حاکی از این بود که نمرات تمامی آزمون­های شدت بی­خوابی (41%)، باورها و بازخوردهای نارساکنش درباره خواب (35%)، نشخوار فکری (29%)، نگرانی (44%) و برانگیختگی پیش از خواب (26%) در گروه آزمایش، در هر دو مرحله پس‌آزمون و پیگیری کاهش قابل توجهی نسبت به شرکت‌کنندگان گروه کنترل داشته­اند (01/0>P < /span>) که این نشان‌دهنده اثربخشی درمان بوده است.
 
نتیجه­ گیری: بر اساس یافته­های پژوهش، می­توان متغیرهای شناختی و هیجانی را واسطه­ های کلیدی اثربخشی درمانی، درمانگری شناختی رفتاری دانست؛ بنابراین، تمرکز انحصاری روش­های درمانی بر این متغیرها ممکن است به پیامدهای درمانی بهتری منجر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy on cognitive and emotional variables on insomnia in students of the University of Kurdistan in 2016

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateh Rahmani
  • Tahereh Mehrabian
چکیده [English]

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, rumination, worry and pre-sleep arousal in students with insomnia of the University of  Kurdistan.
 
Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study conducted in a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all students who were educating at the University of Kurdistan in the academic year of 2015-16. The study sample consisted of 34 students with insomnia that were selected by convenience sampling, 17-person experimental and control groups and completed Insomnia Severity Index, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale. Experimental group received 12 sessions of 75 minutes about Cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia, but the control group received no intervention. The data were analyzed by descriptive and repeated measures statistical tests.
 
Results: Results showed that test scores for insomnia severity (41%), dysfunctional beliefs and attitude about sleep (35%), rumination (29%), worry (44%) and pre-sleep arousal (26%) significantly reduced in the experimental group as compared to control group participants, in both post-test and follow-up (p<0.01), indicating the effectiveness of the treatment.
 
Conclusion: Based on findings of this research, cognitive and emotional variables can be considered as key intermediates of therapeutic efficacy in cognitive behavior therapy. Therefore, exclusive treatments focusing on these variables may lead to better treatment outcomes.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive behavior therapy
  • Insomnia
  • Cognitive variables
  • Emotional variables
  • Students
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