تاثیر هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی بر محتوای پروتئین‌های RAS و RAF-1 در عضله EDL موش‌های بزرگ آزمایشگاهی پیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد علی‌آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، علی‌آباد کتول، ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: مسیر پروتئین کیناز فعال‌شده با میتوژن (MAPK)، از مسیرهای مهم در تنظیم حجم عضلانی می‌باشد و پیری از عوامل مهم در اختلال این است؛ بنابراین هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر، تاثیر هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی بر محتوای پروتئین‌های RAS وRAF-1 در عضله بازکننده طویل انگشتان پا                         (Extensor Digitorum Longus) موش‌های بزرگ آزمایشگاهی پیر می‌باشد.
مواد و روش ها: در پژوهش تجربی‌بنیادی حاضر، تعداد 12 سر موش بزرگ آزمایشگاهی نر 20 ماهه از نژاد اسپراگ‌داولی با میانگین وزنی 30±400 گرم به‌صورت تصادفی به 2 گروه 1-کنترل (6 سر) و 2-تمرین مقاومتی (6 سر) تقسیم شدند. برنامه تمرین مقاومتی به مدت 8 هفته، هفته‌ای 3 جلسه بود. رت‌ها از یک نردبان عمودی با شیب 85 درجه به طول یک متر با 26 پله و دو سانتی‌متر فضای بین هر پله بالا می‌رفتند. از طریق روش آزمایشگاهی وسترن‌بلات محتوای پروتئین‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از طریق آزمون t-مستقل در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS نسخه 27 و گراف‌پد پریسم نسخه 2/2/10 انجام شد. سطح معنا‌داری P≤0.05 بود.
نتایج: هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار میزان پروتئین‌های RAS و RAF-1 در عضله EDL موش‌های بزرگ آزمایشگاهی پیر شد (0001/0P=). آزمون کوهن اندازه اثر قدرتمندی را برای میزان پروتئین‌های RAS (44/4) و RAF-1 (88/4) نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد افزایش پروتئین‌های RAS و RAF-1 به دنبال انجام تمرین مقاومتی می‌تواند منجر به شروع مسیر MAPK به عنوان یک مسیر در تنظیم حجم و توده عضلانی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of 8-week resistance training on the content of RAS and RAF-1 proteins in the EDL muscle of old rats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Khodaverdi 1
  • Neda Aghaei Bahmanbeglou 1
  • Reza Rezaee Shirazi 1
  • Saeedeh Shadmehri 2
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is one of the important pathways in the regulation of muscle volume, and aging is one of the important factors in this disorder. Therefore, the aim of this research is the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on the content of RAS and RAF-1 proteins in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of old rats.
Materials and Methods: In this fundamental experimental research, 12 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 20 months with an average weight of 400±30 gr were randomly divided into 2 groups:1-control (6 rats) and 2- resistance training (6 rats). The resistance training program was 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Rats climbed a one meter vertical ladder with an 85-degree incline, 26 rungs and two cm of space between each rung. The content of proteins was measured through Western Blot laboratory method. Data analysis was done through independent t-test in SPSS version 27 and GraphPad Prism version 10.2.2. The significance level was set at P≤ 0.05.
Results: Eight weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in RAS and RAF-1 protein levels in the EDL muscle of aged rats (P=0.0001). Cohen's test showed a strong effect size for the amount of RAS (4.44) and RAF-1 (4.88) proteins.
Conclusion: It seems that the increase of RAS and RAF-1 proteins following resistance training can lead to the initiation of the MAPK pathway as a pathway in the regulation of muscle volume and mass.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resistance training
  • RAS protein
  • RAF-1 protein
  • EDL muscle
  • Aging

مراجع

  1. Jandova T, Narici MV, Steffl M, Bondi D, D’Amico M, Pavlu D, et al. Muscle Hypertrophy and Architectural Changes in Response to Eight-Week Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training in Healthy Older People. Life 2020;10(9):184.
  2. Yasuda T. Selected Methods of Resistance Training for Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia. Cells 2022;11(9):1389.
  3. Straight CR, Fedewa MV, Toth MJ, Miller MS. Improvements in skeletal muscle fiber size with resistance training are age-dependent in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Physiology 2020;129(2):392-403.
  4. Seo DY, Hwang BG. Effects of exercise training on the biochemical pathways associated with sarcopenia. Physical Activity and Nutrition 2020;24(3):32-8.
  5. Adams SC, Segal RJ, McKenzie DC, Vallerand JR, Morielli AR, Mackey JR, et al. Impact of resistance and aerobic exercise on sarcopenia and dynapenia in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 2016;158:497-507.
  6. Jiang M, Wen F, Cao J, Li P, She J, Chu Z. Genome-wide exploration of the molecular evolution and regulatory network of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades upon multiple stresses in Brachypodium distachyon. Bmc Genomics 2015;16:1-14.
  7. Muñoz-Maldonado C, Zimmer Y, Medová M. A comparative analysis of individual RAS mutations in cancer biology. Frontiers in Oncology 2019;9:1088.
  8. Knight T, Irving JAE. Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway activation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its therapeutic targeting. Frontiers in Oncology 2014;4:160.
  9. Yang S, Liu G. Targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology Letters 2017;13(3):1041-7.
  10. Roskoski Jr R. Targeting ERK1/2 protein-serine/threonine kinases in human cancers. Pharmacological Research 2019;142:151-68.
  11. Guo YJ, Pan WW, Liu SB, Shen ZF, Xu Y, Hu LL. ERK/MAPK signalling pathway and tumorigenesis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 2020;19(3):1997-2007.
  12. Yang L-J, Wu G-H, Yang Y-L, Wu Y-H, Zhang L, Wang M-H, et al. Nutrition, physical exercise, and the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly residents in nursing homes in China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 2019;25:4390.
  13. Vikberg S, Sörlén N, Brandén L, Johansson J, Nordström A, Hult A, et al. Effects of resistance training on functional strength and muscle mass in 70-year-old individuals with pre-sarcopenia: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2019;20(1):28-34.
  14. Krzysztofik M, Wilk M, Wojdała G, Gołaś A. Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review of Advanced Resistance Training Techniques and Methods. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019;16(24):4897.
  15. Alizadeh Pahlavani H, Laher I, Knechtle B, Zouhal H. Exercise and mitochondrial mechanisms in patients with sarcopenia. Frontiers in Physiology 2022;13: 1-18.
  16. Son JW, Lee SS, Kim SR, Yoo SJ, Cha BY, Son HY, et al. Low muscle mass and risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults: findings from the KoGES. Diabetologia 2017;60(5):865-72.
  17. Mirdar Harijani S, Musavi N. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on immunoreactivity of Ras and Raf-1 in lung epithelial cells of Wistar rats exposed to carcinogen NN. Research in Sport Medicine and Technology 2020;18(19):113-26.
  18. Xu Y, Chen P, Wang R. Effect of Aerobic Exercise Prescription Combined with Dietary Intervention on MAPK Signal Pathway in Simple Obese Children. Converter 2021;536-41.
  19. Standard J, Jiang Y, Yu M, Su X, Zhao Z, Xu J, et al. Reduced signaling of PI3K-Akt and RAS-MAPK pathways is the key target for weight-loss-induced cancer prevention by dietary calorie restriction and/or physical activity. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2014;25(12):1317-23.
  20. Hodson N, West DWD, Philp A, Burd NA, Moore DR. Molecular regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis in response to exercise and nutrients: a compass for overcoming age-related anabolic resistance. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 2019;317(6):C1061-C78.
  21. Alizadeh Pahlavani H. Exercise Therapy for People With Sarcopenic Obesity: Myokines and Adipokines as Effective Actors. Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022;13: 1-20.
  22. Thirupathi A, da Silva Pieri BL, Queiroz JAMP, Rodrigues MS, de Bem Silveira G, de Souza DR, et al. Strength training and aerobic exercise alter mitochondrial parameters in brown adipose tissue and equally reduce body adiposity in aged rats. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry 2019;75:101-8.
  23. Dillon M, Lopez A, Lin E, Sales D, Perets R, Jain P. Progress on Ras/MAPK Signaling Research and Targeting in Blood and Solid Cancers. Cancers 2021;13(20):5059.
  24. Kim M, Chun J, Jung HA, Choi JS, Kim YS. Capillarisin attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage through MAPK and NF-κB signaling. Phytomedicine 2017;32:30-6.
  25. Attwaters M, Hughes SM. Cellular and molecular pathways controlling muscle size in response to exercise. The FEBS Journal 2022;289(6):1428-56.
  26. Boyer JG, Song T, Lee D, Fu X, Sadayappan S, Molkentin JD. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Fiber-Type Regulation in Skeletal Muscle. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Biorxiv 2018, 361600: 1-21.
  27. Ziaaldini MM, Marzetti E, Picca A, Murlasits Z. Biochemical Pathways of Sarcopenia and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise: A Narrative Review. Frontiers in Medicine 2017;4: 1-8
دانشور پزشکی
دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 171
خرداد و تیر 1403
صفحه 63-72

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار