تاثیر آموزش مبتنی بر مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی بر رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از آنفلوانزا در سفیران سلامت خانوار شهرستان باخرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

2 گروه آموزش بهداشت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

3 گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: آنفلوانزا یک بیماری حاد دستگاه تنفسی با قدرت واگیری زیاد است که آموزش افراد به خصوص سفیران سلامت به عنوان بازوان اجرایی کادر بهداشتی می تواند در پیشگیری از این بیماری در جامعه موثر باشد. لذا هدف از این مطالعه تعیین تاثیرآموزش بهداشت با مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی بر رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از آنفلوانزاA  (H1N1)  در سفیران سلامت شهری شهرستان باخرز می باشد.
مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه تجربی بر روی 104 نفر از سفیران سلامت باخرز که به روش آسان انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه مداخله و کنترل هر کدام 52 نفر اجرا گردید. ابزار مورد استفاده پرسشنامه پژوهشگر ساخته مبتنی برمدل اعتقادبهداشتی بود که بر اساس طیف نگرش سنج 5 گزینه ای لیکرت طراحی شده بود. گروه مداخله  در قالب کارگاه آموزشی 5 جلسه ای آموزش دیده و نهایتاً داده ها از هر دو گروه دو ماه بعد از مداخله جمع آوری و توسط آزمونهای کای دو و آنالیز کوواریانس (ANCOVA) مقایسه شدند. 
نتایج: : بعد از آموزش میانگین نمرات سازه های مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی در گروه مداخله افزایش یافت به گونه ای که رفتار های پیشگیری کننده قبل از مداخله از 07/2±73/10 به70/2±86/13 بعد از مداخله افزایش معنی داری یافت (001/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری: برنامه آموزشی بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی همراه با پیگیری های فعال در خصوص اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از آنفلوانزاH1N1  در سفیران سلامت موثراست، بنابراین پیشنهاد می گردد که برنامه های مبتنی برمدل اعتقاد بهداشتی جهت آموزش رفتارهای پیشگیری از آنفلوانزا به کارگرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of health education based on the health belief model on influenza preventive behaviors in family health delegates in Bakhrez city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Farhadian 1
  • Mahboobeh Khorsandi 2
  • Mohsen Shamsi 2
  • Amir Almasi Hashiani 3
1 Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion ,School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
3 Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Influenza is an acute respiratory disease with high infectivity. Therefore, educating health delegates as executive arms of health system can be effective in preventing spread of disease in society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of health education with health belief model on influenza A (H1N1) prevention behaviors in health delegates of Bakhrez city.
Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study that was carried out on 104 Bakhrez health delegates who were available and randomly divided into intervention and control groups of 52. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model that was designed based on 5 Likert scale. The intervention group was trained in a 5 session workshop and finally data from both groups were collected and compared two months after the intervention with chi-square and ANCOVA test.
Results: After training, the mean scores of health belief model constructs in the intervention group increased; so, that preventive behaviors before the intervention increased significantly from 10.73±2.07 to 13.86± 2.70 after the intervention (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The educational program based on the health belief model along with active follow-up on the adoption of H1N1 influenza prevention behaviors is effective in health ambassadors; so, it is recommended that programs based on the health belief model be used to teach influenza prevention behaviors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health belief model
  • Influenza A
  • H1N1 Subtype
  • Health Delegates

مراجع

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