بررسی سطح سواد سلامت و موانع دستیابی به اطلاعات سلامت در مراجعین به بیمارستان شهید مصطفی خمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

2 گروه بهداشت و پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: سـازمان بهداشـت جهانـی، سـواد سـلامت را بـه عنـوان یکـی از بزرگتریـن تعییـن کننده هــای امــر سـلامت معرفــی نمــوده اســت. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین سطح سواد سلامت و موانع دستیابی به اطلاعات سلامت در مراجعین به بیمارستان شهید مصطفی خمینی    بود.
مواد و روش ها: این پژوهش به صورت مطالعه ای مقطعی در سال 1399 بر روی 385 نفر از مراجعین به بیمارستان انجام گرفت. ابزار گردآوری، پرسشنامه ای حاوی سه بخش سئوالات فردی و دموگرافیک، سوالات بررسی سطح سواد سلامت، سوالات بررسی موانع دستیابی به اطلاعات سلامت می باشد. داده های جمع آوری شده در این پژوهش با استفاده از نرم افزار  SPSS(ver 22) آنالیزشد و از آزمون های کای اسکویر، فیشر و رگرسیون خطی چندگانه استفاده گردید. سطح معنی داری در این مطالعه کمتر از 05/0 در نظرگرفته شده است.
نتایج: از مجموع افراد شرکت کننده 1/55 در صد زن بودند، میانگین سنی افراد مورد مطالعه 44/15 ± 69/41  بود. حدود 8/67 درصد از شرکت کنندگان در گروه سواد سلامت ناکافی و مرزی بودند. بین سطح سواد سلامت و سن،  جنسیت، تحصیلات و تأهل شرکت کنندگان ارتباط معناداری وجود داشت  (P<0.0001 ).  بیشترین مانع در هر دو گروه، سواد سلامت کافی و سواد سلامت ناکافی ، "نزدیک نبودن مرکز سلامت به منزل ما" بود. بهترین متغیرها برای پیش‌گویی سطح سواد سلامت، جنسیت و موانع دستیابی به اطلاعات سلامت، "نمی دانم چگونه مراقب سلامت خود باشم" ، "نمی دانم چگونه با اینترنت کارکنم" ، "اطلاعات کمک به تصمیم گیریم نمی کند" بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته های مطالعه حاضر افراد با سواد سلامت مطلوب درصد کمی را به خود اختصاص می دهند؛ لذا سیاست گذاران سلامت در امر افزایش سواد سلامت در جامعه به ویژه در افراد مسن تر و یا با تحصیلات کمتر باید بیشتر تلاش و برنامه ریزی نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the level of health literacy and barriers to accessing health information in referrals to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahia sadat Nasiri 1
  • Zahra Johari 2
  • Kobra Khajavi Shojai 2
  • Ashraf Pirasteh 2
1 Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Health and Social Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The World Health Organization has identified health literacy as one of the biggest determinants of health. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of health literacy and barriers to accessing health information in clienteles to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 385 referrals to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital in 2020. The collection tool is a questionnaire containing three parts including individual and demographic questions, questions to assess the level of health literacy and questions to assess barriers to accessing health information). The data collected in this study were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Significance level in this study was less than 0.05.
Results: From the total number of participants 55.1% were women and the mean age of the subjects was 41.69 ± 15.44. About 67.8% of the participants were the inadequate health literacy group. There was a significant relationship between health literacy level and age, gender, education and marriage of the participants (P < 0.0001). “No health center near home”. Was the most frequently reported barrier in both groups. The best variables for predicting health literacy, gender, and barriers to accessing health information were “Don’t know how to take care of self ",” Don’t know how to use the internet ", “Information wouldnot help to make decisions”.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, people with adequate health literacy account for a small percentage; therefore, health policy makers should make more efforts and plans to increase health literacy in society, especially in the elderly or less educated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Level of health literacy
  • Barriers to accessing health information

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