اثربخشی افزایش خودکارآمدی زایمان به شیوه واقعیت درمانی بر انتخاب روش زایمان واژینال در زنان باردار

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی سلامت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج

2 گروه مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس، چالوس، ایران

3 گروه روانشناسی سلامت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر انتخاب روش زایمان طبیعی در زنان باردار خودکارآمدی زایمان است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی افزایش خودکارآمدی زایمان به شیوه واقعیت درمانی بر انتخاب روش زایمان واژینال در زنان باردار نخست زا بود.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش­آزمون – پس­آزمون با گروه کنترل است. جمعیت تحت مطالعه شامل 39 زن باردار ساکن شهرستان نوشهر بودند که سن حاملگی 4 هفته و بالاتر داشتند، روش سزارین انتخابی را جهت زایمان برگزیده و برای مراقبت مامایی طی دی‌ماه تا اسفندماه 96 به مراکز بهداشت شهری و روستایی مراجعه کردند. نمونه به شیوه غیر تصادفی هدفمند انتخاب و در دو گروه مداخله (20) و کنترل (19) نفر تصادفی گمارده شدند. واقعیت درمانی در 8 جلسه 5/1 ساعته دو بار در هفته برای گروه مداخله اجرا شد. از پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی زایمان لویی (CBSEL) برای جمع‌آوری داده­ها و برای تحلیل داده­ها از تحلیل کوواریانس استفاده شد.
 
نتایج: بعد از واقعیت درمانی، خودکارآمدی زایمان در افراد گروه مداخله در مقایسه با گروه کنترل افزایش معنی‌داری نشان داد (01/0>P < /span>). نمره خودکارآمدی زایمان زنانی که پس از واقعیت درمانی تصمیم به انجام زایمان واژینال گرفتند به‌طور معناداری بیشتر از افرادی بودند که همچنان انجام زایمان به روش سزارین را برای ختم حاملگی در نظر داشتند (05/0>p < /span>).
 
نتیجه‌گیری: واقعیت درمانی را می­توان برای افزایش خودکارآمدی زایمان به کاربرد که خود می‌تواند بر انتخاب شیوه زایمان واژینال تأثیر مثبت داشته باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of increasing the self-efficacy of childbirth through reality therapy on the choice of vaginal delivery in pregnant women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mandana Mahmoodjanlou 1
  • Soheila Nazarpour 2
  • Hasan Ahadi 3
  • Adis Kraskian 1
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: One of the important factors in choosing vaginal delivery in pregnant women is self-efficacy of childbirth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of increasing the self-efficacy of childbirth in the way of the reality therapy on the choice of vaginal delivery in pregnant women.
 
Materials and Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design, and with control group. The study population included 39 pregnant women with gestational age ≥4 weeks in Nowshahr. These women had chosen cesarean section method for the termination of pregnancy and were visited for midwifery care in the urban and rural health centers from January to March 2018. The sample was selected using targeted non-random method and randomly divided into two experimental (20) and control groups (19). The reality therapy was performed in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours twice a week for the experimental group. The childbirth self-efficacy questionnaire of Lowe (CBSEL) was used for data collection. The data was analyzed using ANCOVA.
 
Results: After the intervention, the self-efficacy of childbirth was significantly higher in the experimental group as compared to the control group (p<0.01). The self-efficacy of childbirth of women who chose vaginal delivery for termination of pregnancy was significantly more than those who still considered the method of cesarean section (p<0.05).
 
Conclusion: The reality therapy can be used to increase the self-efficacy of childbirth, which can have a positive effect on the choice of vaginal delivery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reality therapy
  • Self-efficacy of childbirth
  • Vaginal delivery
  • Pregnancy

مراجع

1. Maroufizadeh S, Bagheri N, Almasi A, Amini P. Prevalence of cesarean delivery and its related factors in primiparous women in Tehran province. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2017; 35(423): 303-309. 2. Yousefzadeh S, EsmaeiliDarmiyan M, AsadiYounesi M, Shakeri M. The Effect of a Training Program during Pregnancy on the Attitude and Intention of ulliparous Women to Choose the Delivery Mode. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health 2016; 1:4704-11. 3. Badiee S, Ravanshad Y, Azarfar A, Dastfan F, Babayi S, Mirzayi N. Survey of cesarean deliveries and their causes in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of medical sciences, Iran. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility 2013; 16(66):10-7. 4. Atghaei M, Nouhi E. Imagine the pain of labor and cesarean and vaginal delivery in pregnant women tend to be referred to clinics in Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility 2011; 14(7): 44-50. 5. Khavari F, Golmakani N, Salaki A, Aghamohammadian H. study of compatibility with labor pain based on irrational beliefs during pregnancy. Iranian journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility 2017; 20(5): 58- 67. 6. Alipour Z, Lamyian M, Hajizadeh E, Vafaei M. The association between antenatal anxiety and fear of childbirth in nulliparous women: a prospective study. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research 2011; 16(2):169- 73. 7. Ansari M. Reasons for elective Cesarean section amongst pregnant women; a qualitative study. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 2012; 13(4): 237-40. 8. Aghayousefi A.R, Tarkhan M, Mohammadi N, Afshar H. The role of pain relief in predicting the resilience of patients with chronic pain. Health Psychology 2016; 17(5): 22 – 38. 9. Jamasian A, Dokaneheifard F. The effectiveness of group therapy reality on increasing resilience, promoting life and improving the quality of infertile women in Sarem infertility center. Health Psychology 2017; 8(29): 237- 262. 10. Ghazaei M, Davoudi I, Mehrabi A et al. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on fear of delivery, fear of pain, self-efficacy of labor and desire for cesarean section in nulliparous women. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility 2016; 19(31): 1-12. 11. Etemadi A, Nasirnejhad F, Smkhaniakbarinejhad H. Effectiveness of group Reality Therapy on the Anxiety of women. Journal of Psychological Studies 2014; 10(2): 73-88. 12. Khorsandi M, Ghofranipour F, Heidarnia A.R, faghihzadeh S, Akbarzadeh A.R, Vafaei M. Perceived self-efficacy of labor in pregnant women. Scientific Journal of Medical Organization 2009; 26(1): 89-95. 13. Esmkhani H, Etemadi A, Nasirnejad F. the effectiveness of reality therapy on anxaiety in women. Psychological Studies at Alzahra University 2014; 10(2): 19- 31. 14. Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy D.K, Buist A, Turkstra E, Sneddon A. Study protocol for reducing childbirth fear: a midwife- led psycho- education intervention. BMC (bio medical center) Pregnancy Childbirth 2013; 13:190-205. 15. Escott D, Slade P, Spiby H. Preparation for pain management during childbirth: the psychological aspects of coping strategy development in antenatal education. Journal of Clinical Psychology Review 2009; 29(7):617-22. 16. Amidimazaheri M, Taheri Z, Khorsandi M, Hasanzadeh A. investigating the relationship between self- efficacy and anticipation of outcome in the manner of delivery believed by pregnant women in Shahrekord. 2014; two monthly scientific and research Journal of Shahed University 2014. 21(111): 55- 62. 17. Maleki H, Abaspour A, EbrahimiGhavam S. The effect of life skills training on students’ academic self-efficacy. Journal of Education Psychology 2016; 11(37): 21-31. 18. Vaziri F, Khademian Z, Morshedi B, Qualitative study of the experiences and understanding of primiparous women from the phenomenon of childbirth. Quarterly Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Spring 2012; 9(3): 226-236. 19. Dolatian M, Pouneh M, Alavimajd H, Yazdjerdi M. Relationship between type of delivery and postpartum depression. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 2006; 7(3): 260 – 268 20. Maroufizadeh S, Bagheri N, Almasi A, Amini P. Prevalence of cesarean delivery and its related factors in primiparous women in Tehran province. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2017; 35(423): 303-309. 21. Kanaani S, Allahverdipoor H, Self-efficacy in choosing the type of delivery and labor time in pregnant women referring to health centers in Parsabad. Journal of Health Education 2014; 1(2): 37- 69.
دانشور پزشکی
دوره 26، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 137
137
مهر و آبان 1397
صفحه 37-44

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