بررسی ارتباط شیردهی انحصاری و سواد سلامت در زنان نخست زا

نویسندگان

1 گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکدۀ علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکدۀ علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: سازمان بهداشت جهانی تغذیه انحصاری با شیر مادر را در طی شش ماه اول زندگی کودک مورد تائید قرار داده است. هدف مطالعه حاضر تعیین ارتباط شیردهی انحصاری با سواد سلامت و عوامل مؤثر دیگر در زنان نخست زا است.
 
مواد و روش ها: این بررسی یک مطالعه تحلیلی است. جامعه مورد پژوهش شامل زنان نخست‌زا واقع در سنین باروری مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر تهران است که دارای کودک با سن دو سال تمام تا پنج سال بودند. اطلاعات به وسیله پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با مادران جمع‌آوری‌شده و با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون لجستیک تحلیل شد.
 
نتایج: شیردهی انحصاری در 5/50 درصد از مادران گزارش گردید. از نظر آماری رابطه بین شیردهی انحصاری و متغیرهای سطح سواد سلامت در سطح کافی(001/0>P < /span>)، سن مادر (001/0>P < /span>)، اولین زمان شیردهی برای سطح بیش‌تر از یک ساعت و سطح بعد از یک ساعت (001/0>P < /span>)، روش زایمان (05/0 >P < /span>) و شغل (05/0>P < /span>) معنی‌دار شد. مناسب بودن مدل با آزمون هاسمر-لمشو تائید شد.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: سطح سواد سلامت و متغیرهای زمان اولین شیردهی، سن مادر، روش زایمان و شغل بر شیردهی انحصاری تأثیر‌گذار بودند لذا با توجه به عوامل فوق به ویژه افزایش سطح سواد سلامت مادران از طریق برگزاری کارگاه‌های آموزشی می‌تواند مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the relationship between exclusive breast-feeding and health literacy in primiparous women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Hoseini 1
  • Aliakbar Rasekhi 1
  • Minoor Lamyian Myandoab 2
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) has approved exclusive breast-feeding during the first six months of childhood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exclusive breast-feeding, health literacy and other affective factors in primiparous women using logistic regression model.
 
Materials and Methods: This study was an analytic study. The population of this study consisted of primiparous women on reproductive age visiting health centers in Tehran, with a child aged two years to five. Data were collected by questionnaire and interview with mothers and analyzed using logistic regression model.
 
Results: Exclusive breast-feeding was reported in 50.5% of mothers. There was a statistically significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and variables health literacy level in adequate level (p<0.001) and not much enough level (p<0.05), mother’s age (p<0.001), the first time of lactation in level of greater than one hour and a level after one hour (p<0.001), the delivery method (p <0.05), and job (p <0.05). The adequacy of the model was confirmed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.
 
Conclusion: The level of health literacy and the variables of the first time lactation, maternal age, delivery method and occupation were affected by exclusive breast-feeding. Therefore, considering the above factors, especially increasing the level of mothers' health literacy through the organization of workshops can be effective. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Exclusive breast-feeding
  • Health literacy
  • Primiparous women
  • Logistic regression
1. Kramer, Michael S., and Ritsuko Kakuma. "Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding." Cochrane Database Systematic Review 2002;1(1). 2. Organization WHO, UNICEF. Unicef. Baby-friendly hospital initiative: revised, updated and expanded for integrated care 2009. 3. Ghaed Mohamamdi Z, Zafarmand MH, Heydary G, Anaraki A, Dehghan A. Determination of effective factors in breast feeding continuity for infants less than 1 year old in urban area of Bushehr Province. Iranian South Medical Journal 2004; 7(1):79–87. 4. Sherofi S, Qaderi A, sajedi F. Mills’s Midwifery Course. Volume II, Siavash Printing House 1998. 5. Organization WH. Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation, Geneva 2001;923. World Health Organization 2004. 6. Najafi F, Jafar Zadeh, kenar sari F. Guide Clinical in Lyber. Childbirth and Childbirth .First edition, Noor Danesh Publication 2005. 7. G. Jahani B. Williams Obstetrics : A review of pregnancy and childbirth. G. Jahani B, Ghotbi R, editors. Volume 1, Volume 5, Tehran, Golbān 2010, Chapter 8: 253. 8. Fallahian M. Cesarean section to the mother’s request. Research-in-Medicine [Internet] 2007; 31(2):107–8. 9. Poorahmad-Garbandi F, Salaezade M, Etehad R. Reasons for termination of breastfeeding among women referred to Bandar-Abbas health centers. . Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014; 1(1):16–22. 10. Mohsenzadeh A, Mardani M, Shahkarami K, Ebrahimzadeh F. Investigating the Causes of Breastfeeding Exclusive Breastfeeding in the First 6 Months of Infants’ Life in Patients Referring to Khoram Abad City Health Centers in 2006. Science Magazine Yafte. 2008; 10(1):55–61. 11. Agresti A. Categorical data analysis. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons 2003; 482: 242. 12. Montazeri A, Tavvosi M, Rakhshani F, S.Ali A, Jahangiri K, Ebadi M. Designing and psychometric measurement of health literacy tool in urban population of Iran. Payesh 2014; 5:589–99. 13. Eslami A, Mahmoudi A, Khabiri M, Najafiyan Sm. The role of socioeconomic conditions in the citizens 'motivation for participating in public sports. Applied Research of Sport Management 2014; 2(3):89–104. 14. David W. Hosmer SL. Applied logistic regression [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wiley; 2000. (Wiley series in probability and statistics. Texts and references section). 15. Khabazkhoob M, Fotouhi A, Majdi MR, Moradi A, Javaherforoshzadeh A, Kermani Haeri Z, et al. Prevalence of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Health Center Mashhad, 2007. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 2008;3(3):45–53. 16. Gafari Asl M, Fadakar Sogheh R, Ghavi A. Related factors to continued breastfeeding in infants. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery 2014; 24(2):1–8. 17. Khayyati F. An investigation into the reasons of terminating breastfeeding before the age of two. The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences 2007; 11(3):25–30. 18. Imani M, Mohammadi M, Rakhshani F, Shafie S. Breast feeding and its related factors in Zahedan. Kashan University of Medical Sciences Journal 2003; 7(2):26–33. 19. Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Parvin Zare, Fariba Moradi, Mehrab Sayadi, Elham Hesami MM. Exclusive breast-feeding weaning pattern and its determinant factors in Fars province in 2010. Daneshvar Medicine 2010; 20. Bulk‐Bunschoten AMW, Bodegom S v, Reerink JD, Jong PCM, Groot CJ. Reluctance to continue breastfeeding in The Netherlands. Acta Paediatrica 2001; 90(9):1047–53. 21. Senarath U, Dibley MJ, Agho KE. Breastfeeding practices and associated factors among children under 24 months of age in Timor-Leste. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 61(3):387. 22. Dennis CE. Identifying predictors of breastfeeding self‐efficacy in the immediate postpartum period. Research in nursing & health 2006; 29(4):256–68. 23. Kohlhuber M, Rebhan B, Schwegler U, Koletzko B, Fromme H. Breastfeeding rates and duration in Germany: a Bavarian cohort study. British Journal of Nutrition 2008; 99(5):1127–32. 24. Eshraghian MR, Khoram Khorshid H, Jazayeri A, Majlesi F, Rahimi Forushani A, Solamani M. Prevalence of formula milk consumption among neonates of urban and rural areas of Takestan. Food and nutrition bulletin 1981; 4(1):1–6. 25. P.Movahed Z, Dehghani K. Problems that influence exclusive breastfeeding in Yazd, Iran. Journal of Yazd University Medical Sciences 1999; 4:65–70. 26. Righard L. Are breastfeeding problems related to incorrect breastfeeding technique and the use of pacifiers and bottles? Birth 1998; 25(1):40–4. 27. Ransjö-Arvidson AB, Chintu K, Ng’andu N, Eriksson B, Susu B, Christensson K, et al. Maternal and infant health problems after normal childbirth: a randomised controlled study in Zambia. Journal of Epidemiology Community Heal 1998;52(6):385–91. 28. Nekoei-Moghadam M, Parva S, Amiresmaili M, Baneshi M. Health Literacy and Utilization of health Services in Kerman urban Area 2011. Tolue Behdasht Journal 2012;11(14):123–34. 29. Paasche‐Orlow MK, Parker RM, Gazmararian JA, Nielsen‐Bohlman LT, Rudd RR. The prevalence of limited health literacy. Journal of General Internal Medicine Banner 2005; 20(2): 175–84.