اثر تمرینات بینایی و بینایی- حرکتی منتخب بر مؤلفه‌های ادراک بینایی وابسته به حرکت در کودکان دارای تنبلی چشم

نویسندگان

دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار. ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: مطابق با "فرضیه‌ی حرکت"، مسئله‌ی مهم در رشد و تعدیل مؤلفه‌های ادراک بینایی، حرکات فعالانه و یا غیر فعالانه فرد نیست، بلکه توجه فرد به اشیاء و محرک‌های مهم در اطراف خود است. بر این اساس هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی "فرضیه حرکت" در ارتباط با مؤلفه‌های ادراک بینایی وابسته به حرکت در کودکان دارای تنبلی چشم بود.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: روش تحقیق در این پژوهش نیمه تجربی و در آن از طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون استفاده شده است. نمونه‌های این پژوهش شامل 30 نفر از کودکان 5 تا 8 سال دارای تنبلی چشم بودند که به صورت تصادفی از میان تمام کودکان مبتلا به تنبلی چشم شهرستان سبزوار در سال 1394 انتخاب شدند. سپس آزمودنی‌ها بر اساس پیش‌آزمون‌ها، به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه مختلف قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایشی یک (تمرینات بینایی) و گروه آزمایشی دو (تمرینات بینایی – حرکتی) تمرینات خود را به مدت 4 هفته، 3 جلسه در هفته و به مدت 30 دقیقه در هر روز انجام دادند. گروه کنترل نیز در این مدت به فعالیت‌های رومزه خود مشغول بود. در پایان نیز کلیه آزمودنی‌ها در پس‌آزمون شرکت کردند.
 
نتایج: نتایج آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس و آزمون تعقیبی LSD نشان داد که بین گروه‌های آزمایشی و کنترل در مؤلفه‌های ادراک عمق، تیزبینی پویا و تعقیب بینایی تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری وجود دارد، ولیکن تفاوتی بین گروه‌های آزمایشی یافت نشد.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی با توجه به نتایج تحقیق حاضر می­توان نتیجه گرفت که تمرینات بینایی از قبل طراحی شده (فعالانه، غیر فعالانه) موجب بهبود مؤلفه‌های ادراک عمق، تیزبینی پویا و تعقیب بینایی می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of selected visual and visual-motor exercise programs on visual perception components related to motion in children with amblyopia

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Shahabi Kaseb
  • Ensieh Sadat Askari Tabar
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The measure of motion playing a role in the growth of visual perception components and particularly visual perception depending on the motion components has not been known. The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of visual and visual-motor training programs related to the motion of the components of visual perception in children with lazy eye.
 
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 30 amblyopic children who were identified through the Department of Social Welfare were selected as sample. Thereafter, based on the pre-test scores in the component of the visual perception dependent on motion, the participants were divided into three equal groups and randomly assigned to three experimental groups, first (orthotics), second (visual-motor exercises), and third (control). Triables in the experimental groups perform exercise for three weeks, four days a week, 30 minutes per session. Afterwards, triables of each three groups under the same conditions participated in the post-test.
 
Results: The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD post hoc test showed that a significant statistical difference between the experimental and control groups exists in components of depth perception,  dynamic visual acuity and chase of vision. But, there was no difference between experimental groups.
 
Conclusion: In general, according to results of the present study, it can be concluded that the pre-designed visual exercises (active, passive) improved components of depth perception, dynamic visual acuity and chase of vision.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Amblyopic children
  • Visual exercises
  • Visual Perception
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