بررسی اثر آلفاپینن بر بیان Bax و Bcl-2 در کبد رت‌های نر دریافت‌کننده تتراکلریدکربن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

2 گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات نانوبیوتکنولوژی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: : بررسی‌ها نشان داده است که آسیب‌های کبدی با وقوع آپوپتوز همراه است. تتراکلریدکربن یک سم قوی است که برای القای فیبروز و سیروز کبدی در مدل‌های حیوانی به کار می‌رود. مطالعه حاضر به هدف بررسی اثر آلفاپینن بر تغییر بیان فاکتورهای وابسته به آپوپتوز Bax و Bcl-2 در کبد رت‌های نرِ بالغ از نژاد ویستار دریافت‌کننده تتراکلریدکربن انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: رت‌ها به چهار گروه شامل کنترل، آلفاپینن، تتراکلریدکربن و تتراکلریدکربن-آلفاپینن تقسیم شدند. تزریق درون صفاقی تتراکلریدکربن با دوز 2 میلی‌لیتر بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن (دو بار در هفته و به مدت 6 هفته متوالی) انجام شد. آلفاپینن نیز با دوز 50 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن (هر روز و به مدت 6 هفته متوالی) به‌صورت درون صفاقی تیمار شدند. در پایان دوره، سطح mRNAیBax  و Bcl-2، توسط Real-time PCR ارزیابی شد.
نتایج: تتراکلریدکربن موجب افزایش معنادار بیان فاکتور پیش‌آپوپتوتیک Bax  (019/0 P₌) و کاهش معنادار فاکتور ضدآپوپتوتیک Bcl-2  (042/0 P₌) در کبد رت‌ها در مقایسه با گروه کنترل شد. تیمار آلفاپینن موجب کاهش معنادار سطح mRNAی Bax  (001/0P₌) و افزایش معنادار سطح mRNAی Bcl-2  (025/0P₌) در گروه تتراکلریدکربن-آلفاپینن در مقایسه با گروه تتراکلریدکربن شد. علاوه‌براین، آلفاپینن از پیدایش سلول‌های آپوپتوتیک در برش‌های بافتی کبد حیوانات تحت تزریق تتراکلریدکربن ممانعت کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: آلفاپینن می‌تواند از آپوپتوز ناشی از تتراکلریدکربن در کبد رت‌ها ممانعت کند و احتمالاً اثر حفاظت کبدی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of alpha-pinene on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the liver of male rats receiving carbon tetrachloride

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Noroozi 1
  • Masoumeh Asle rousta 1
  • Rahim Amini 2
  • Zeinab Sahraeian 3
1 Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
2 Department of Biology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
3 Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Studies have shown that liver damage is linked to apoptosis. Carbon tetrachloride is a powerful toxin that is used to induce liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in animal models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alpha-pinene on the expression of apoptosis-related factors Bax and Bcl-2 in the liver of adult male Wistar rats receiving carbon tetrachloride.
Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into four groups including control, alpha-pinene, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon tetrachloride-alpha-pinene group. Carbon tetrachloride (2 ml/kg of body weight) was injected intraperitoneally twice a week for six consecutive weeks. Alpha-pinene was also administered intraperitoneally (50 mg/kg of body weight per day) for six consecutive weeks. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA levels at the end of the course.
Results: Carbon tetrachloride significantly increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax (P= 0.019) and significantly decreased anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 (P= 0.042) in the liver of rats compared to the control group. Alpha-pinene treatment caused a significant decrease in Bax mRNA level (P= 0.001) and a significant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA level (P= 0.025) in the carbon tetrachloride-alpha-pinene group compared to the carbon tetrachloride group. In addition, alpha-pinene prevented the occurrence of apoptotic cells in liver tissue sections of CCl4-injectes animals.
Conclusion: Alpha-pinene can prevent apoptosis caused by carbon tetrachloride in the liver of rats and probably has a hepatoprotective effect.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alpha-pinene
  • Bax
  • Bcl-2
  • Liver
  • Carbon tetrachloride
  1. Asrani SK, Devarbhavi H, Eaton J, Kamath PS. Burden of liver diseases in the world. Journal of hepatology 2019;70(1):151-71.
  2. Roehlen N, Crouchet E, Baumert TF. Liver fibrosis: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic perspectives. Cells 2020;9(4):875.
  3. Kisseleva T, Cong M, Paik Y, Scholten D, Jiang C, Benner C, et al. Myofibroblasts revert to an inactive phenotype during regression of liver fibrosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2012;109(24):9448-53.
  4. Kukla M. Angiogenesis: a phenomenon which aggravates chronic liver disease progression. Hepatology International 2013;7:4-12.
  5. Wang P, Koyama Y, Liu X, Xu J, Ma HY, Liang S, et al. Promising therapy candidates for liver fibrosis. Frontiers in physiology 2016;7:47.
  6. Iwaisako K, Jiang C, Zhang M, Cong M, Moore-Morris TJ, Park TJ, et al. Origin of myofibroblasts in the fibrotic liver in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2014;111(32):E3297-305.
  7. Aydın MM, Akçalı KC. Liver fibrosis. The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology 2018;29(1):14.
  8. Elvira-Torales LI, García-Alonso J, Periago-Castón MJ. Nutritional importance of carotenoids and their effect on liver health: A review. Antioxidants 2019;8(7):229.
  9. Shan L, Liu Z, Ci L, Shuai C, Lv X, Li J. Research progress on the anti-hepatic fibrosis action and mechanism of natural products. International Immunopharmacology 2019;75:105765.
  10. El-Tantawy WH, Temraz A. Anti-fibrotic activity of natural products, herbal extracts and nutritional components for prevention of liver fibrosis. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry 2022;128(2):382-93.
  11. Youle RJ, Strasser A. The BCL-2 protein family: opposing activities that mediate cell death. Nature reviews Molecular cell biology 2008;9(1):47-59.
  12. da Silva Rivas AC, Lopes PM, de Azevedo Barros MM, Costa Machado DC, Alviano CS, Alviano DS. Biological activities of α-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers. Molecules 2012;17(6):6305-16.
  13. Allenspach M, Steuer C. α-Pinene: A never-ending story. Phytochemistry 2021;190:112857.
  14. Khoshnazar M, Parvardeh S, Bigdeli MR. Alpha-pinene exerts neuroprotective effects via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 2020;29(8):104977.
  15. Hashemi P, Ahmadi S. Alpha-Pinene Exerts Antiseizure Effects by Preventing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Induced by Kainate. Molecular Neurobiology 2023;60(6):3227-38.
  16. Wang K, Yang X, Wu Z, Wang H, Li Q, Mei H, et al. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide protected CCl4-induced liver fibrosis through intestinal homeostasis and the LPS-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2020;11:240.
  17. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT method. methods 2001;25(4):402-8.
  18. Wang R, Song F, Li S, Wu B, Gu Y, Yuan Y. Salvianolic acid A attenuates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Bcl-2/Bax and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 signaling pathways. Drug Design, Development And Therapy 2019:1889-900.
  19. Wei L, Chen Q, Guo A, Fan J, Wang R, Zhang H. Asiatic acid attenuates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways. International immunopharmacology 2018;60:1-8.
  20. Adams JM, Cory S. Bcl-2-regulated apoptosis: mechanism and therapeutic potential. Current opinion in immunology 2007;19(5):488-96.
  21. Finucane DM, Bossy-Wetzel E, Waterhouse NJ, Cotter TG, Green DR. Bax-induced caspase activation and apoptosis via cytochromec release from mitochondria is inhibitable by Bcl-xL. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999;274(4):2225-33.
  22. Younis NS. D-Limonene mitigate myocardial injury in rats through MAPK/ERK/NF-κB pathway inhibition. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2020;24(3):259-66.
  23. Hosseini A, Pourheidar E, Rajabian A, Asadpour E, Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghnia HR. Linalool attenuated ischemic injury in PC12 cells through inhibition of caspase-3 and caspase-9 during apoptosis. Food Science & Nutrition 2023;11(1):249-60.
  24. Kandemir FM, Caglayan C, Darendelioğlu E, Küçükler S, İzol E, Kandemir Ö. Modulatory effects of carvacrol against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity by molecular targeting regulation. Life Sciences 2021;277:119610.
  25. Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu Y, Fu D, Zhen D, Xing A, et al. 1, 8-cineole protects against ISO-induced heart failure by inhibiting oxidative stress and ER stress in vitro and in vivo. European Journal of Pharmacology 2021;910:174472.
  26. Karthikeyan R, Kanimozhi G, Prasad NR, Agilan B, Ganesan M, Srithar G. Alpha pinene modulates UVA-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in human skin epidermal keratinocytes. Life Sciences 2018;212:150-8.
  27. Karthikeyan R, Kanimozhi G, Madahavan NR, Agilan B, Ganesan M, Prasad NR, Rathinaraj P. Alpha-pinene attenuates UVA-induced photoaging through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases expression in mouse skin. Life Sciences 2019;217:110-8.
  28. Moshrefi M, Pourrahimi AM, Abbasnejad M, Farjoo MH, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Alpha-pinene preserves human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity through its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A signaling. Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal 2022;6(2):255.