Measuring asthma control in asthma patients referred to Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Arak based on the health belief model

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 1Student Research Committee, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, (email: f97bagheri@gmail.com)

2 Department of environmental health enginerring School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,

3 Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran

4 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common respiratory disorders, the management of which requires understanding the attitudinal and behavioral bases of patients.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with asthma in Arak city who were selected by convenient sampling method in 2024. The data collection tools were the standard asthma control assessment questionnaire and the researcher-made health belief model questionnaire. Data were collected through interviews and patient information files and analyzed using regression, correlation coefficient, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: mean years of asthma in this population was 14.18 ± 10.75 years. The mean and standard deviation of asthma control of patients was 13.81 ± 5.29 (range 5 to 25), of which 168 patients (84%) had poor control, 19 patients (9.5%) had moderate control, and 13 patients (6.5%) had good control. The highest positive correlation coefficient with performance was perceived sensitivity with a correlation coefficient of 0.514, asthma control with 0.39, and self-efficacy with a correlation coefficient of 0.275 (p<0.001). Based on the regression analysis of the perceived sensitivity constructs, self-efficacy and perceived barriers were calculated as the strongest predictors of behavior and were calculated to be 0.31 in total.
Conclusion: The majority of patients had poor asthma control. The results of this study can be used in providing educational interventions with emphasis on predictive constructs. It is also recommended to establish a counseling unit in hospitals and specialized asthma clinics to teach self-management skills to asthma patients.

Main Subjects

Daneshvar Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 02 August 2025

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