The effect of high-intensity interval training with a high-fat diet on the expression of m1 and m2 macrophages in the gastrocnemius muscle of male wistar rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

10.22070/daneshmed.2024.19291.1510

Abstract

Background and Objective: Physical activity is examined in various aspects, such as the structure of the muscular system. This study investigated the impact of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program combined with a high-fat diet on the expression of M1 and M2 macrophages in the gastrocnemius muscle of male Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: 24 healthy adult male Wistar rats with an average weight of 195±15 grams and age of 6 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, HIIT, high-fat diet, and HIIT with a high-fat diet. Interventions included 10 weeks of HIIT and a high-fat diet. Subsequently, samples were collected from the gastrocnemius muscle. The levels of M1 and M2 macrophages were measured using Real-Time-PCR. Data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: Significant differences were observed between groups in the expression of M1 (P=0.0004) and M2 (P=0.0023) macrophages. M1 macrophage expression was significantly higher in the high-fat diet group compared to the HIIT group (P=0.0001). M1 macrophage expression was significantly lower in the HIIT with a high-fat diet group compared to the high-fat diet group (P=0.0001), but M2 macrophage expression was significantly higher in the HIIT with a high-fat diet group compared to the high-fat diet group (P=0.0003).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that HIIT can reduce M1 macrophage expression and increase M2 macrophage expression, mitigating the negative effects of a high-fat diet.

Keywords

References

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Daneshvar Medicine
Volume 32, Issue 3 - Serial Number 172
September and October 2024
Pages 80-94

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