Daneshvar Medicine

Daneshvar Medicine

The effect of aerobic training with royal jelly on the expression of BCL-2, Bax and Bax / BCL2 ratio in pancreatic tissue of obese rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq
Mahbobeh Khonakdar
Amir Taghipour
Babisan Askari
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
10.22070/daneshmed.2024.18375.1414
Abstract
Background and Objective: Obesity is considered as a global disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise with royal jelly on the expression of BCL-2, Bax and the ratio of BCL2/Bax in the pancreatic tissue of obese rats.
Materials and Methods: In this research, 40 5-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD). Rats in the ND group were fed a standard diet (23% protein, 65% carbohydrates, and 12% fat) and the HFD group were fed a high-fat diet (17% protein, 43% carbohydrates, and 40% fat) for eight weeks. Then, the rats were divided into 5 groups: normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat-exercise (HFDT), high-fat-supplemented (HFDRj) and high-fat-exercise-supplemented (HFDTRj) groups. The training group performed incremental aerobic training for 8 weeks and 5 days per week. Also, the supplement groups were daily given 100 mg of royal jelly mixed in distilled water.
Results: The results showed that induction of obesity through the consumption of high-fat foods increases BCL-2 gene expression and significantly decreases BAX gene expression in the high-fat group compared to the control group. Also, endurance exercises and gel supplementation decreased BCL-2 gene expression and increased BAX gene expression in the experimental groups compared to the high-fat group and these changes were more noticeable in the combined group.
Conclusion: It is possible that aerobic training along with the use of royal jelly can be an effective strategy in improving the condition of obesity through the process of apoptosis.
Keywords
Endurance training
Royal jelly
BAX
BCL-2
obesity
Subjects
  1. Azzu v, Vacca m, Virtue s, Allison m, Vidal-Puig a. Adipose tissue-liver cross talk in the control of whole-body metabolism: implications in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2020;158:1899–
  2. Pagidipati NJ, Zheng Y, Green JB, mcguire dk, mentz rj, shah s, et al. association of obesity with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: insights from tecos. American Heart Journal 2020; 219:47-57.
  3. Perez-Garijo A, Steller H. Spreading the word: nonautonomous effects of apoptosis during development, regeneration and disease. Development 2015; 142:3253-3262.
  4. Favaloro B, Allocati N, Graziano V, Di Ilio C, De Laurenzi V. Role of apoptosis in disease. aging (albany ny) 2012; 4:330-349.
  5. Pourrazi H, Asgharpour-Arshad M, Gholami F, Abbasi S. effect of high-intensity interval training on apoptotic gene expression in rat myocardial tissue. Gene, Cell and Tissue 2020; 7(2). sid. https: ‏/‏/ir‏/paper‏//627998en.
  6. Bauer D, Werth F, Nguyen HA, Kiecker F, Eberle J. Critical role of reactive oxygen species (ros) for synergistic enhancement of apoptosis by vemurafenib and the potassium channel inhibitor tram -34 in melanoma cells. Cell Death & Disease 2017;8(2):e2594.
  7. Rubio C, Mendoza C, Trejo C, Custodio V, Rubio-Osornio M, Hernández L, et al. Activation of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in cerebellum of kindled rats. Cerebellum 2019; 18:750– doi: 10.1007‏/s12311-019-01030-8.
  8. Würstle ML, Laussmann MA, Rehm M. the central role of initiator caspase-9 in apoptosis signal transduction and the regulation of its activation and activity on the apoptosome. Experimental Cell Research 2012; 318(11):1213-1220.
  9. Vainshtein A, Kazak L, Hood DA. Effects of endurance training on apoptotic susceptibility in striated muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology 2011; 110(6):1638-1645.
  10. Jafari A, Pourrazi H, Nikookheslat S, Baradaran B. effect of exercise training on bcl-2 and bax gene expression in the rat heart. Gene cell Tissue 2015; 2(4).
  11. Mirakhori Z, Kordi M, Alizadeh SH, Gaieni AA, Et AL. The investigation of the preventive and therapeutic therapy assistance on the growth rate of the tumor, e2 and expression of 206-mir and erα tumor tissue of breast cancer. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2016; 11:87-98.
  12. Najafi G, Nejati V, Shalizar Jalali A, Zahmatkesh, E. Protective role of royal jelly in oxymetholone-induced oxidative injury in mouse testis. iranian Journal of Toxicology 2014; 8(25):1073-1080.
  13. Anbara H, Shahrooz R, Malekinejad H, Saadati S. Investigating the antioxidant properties of royal jelly and vitamin c on enzymes, histomorphometric and liver cells apoptosis in mice suffering hemolytic anemia. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences 2016; 6(2);178-187.
  14. Azimpour M, Fathi M, Dezfoulian O. Effect of eight weeks of forced physical activity with royal jelly consumption on depression and anxiety levels and antioxidant capacity in trimethyltin-induced alzheimer's rats. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2021; 17(33): 1-2.
  15. Mesri Alamdari N, Irandoost P, Roshanravan N, Vafa M, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Alipour S, et al. Effects of royal jelly and tocotrienol rich fraction in obesity treatment of calorie-restricted obese rats: a focus on white fat browning properties and thermogenic capacity. Nutrition & Metabolism 2020; 17(1):1-13.
  16. Gonçalves IO, Passos E, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Torrella JR, Rizo D, Santos-Alves E, et al. Physical exercise antagonizes clinical and anatomical features characterizing lieber-decarli diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders. Clinical Nutrition 2016;34(2):241-7.
  17. Corsetti G, Pasini E, Assanelli D, Bianchi R. Effects of acute caffeine administration on nos and bax‏/bcl2 expression in the myocardium of rat. Pharmacological Research 2008; 57(1):19-25.
  18. Kazior Z, Willis S J, Moberg M, Apró W, Calbet J A, Holmberg H C, et al. Endurance exercise enhances the effect of strength training on muscle fiber size and protein expression of akt and mtor. PloS One 2016; 11(2):e0149082.
  19. Sadighi A, Abdi A, Azarbayjani MA, Barari A. Effect of aerobic training and berberine chloride supplementation on oxidative stress indices in the heart tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2019;28(4):54-65.
  20. Safrazadeh Gargari S, Matin Homaei H, Azarbayjani MA. Effects of continues exercise on BAX and BCL-2 heart proteins following by different dos of H2O2 consumption in rat male. The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 2018;26(4):363-79. 
  21. Machado MV, Vieira AB, Da Conceição FG, Nascimento AR, Da Nóbrega ACL, Tibirica E. Exercise training dose differentially alters muscle and heart capillary density and metabolic functions in an obese rat with metabolic syndrome. Experimental Physiology 2017;102(12):1716-28. 
  22. Chen X, Li H, Wang K, Liang X, Wang W, Hu X, et al. Aerobic exercise ameliorates myocardial inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in high-fat-diet rats by inhibiting P2X7 purinergic receptors. Frontiers in Physiology 2019:1286. 
  23. Razavi Majd Z, Matin Homaee H, Azarbayjani M, Farzanegi P. Effects of Concurrent Regular Aerobic Training and Garlic Extract on Cardiac Tissue Apoptosis Markers in Aged Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease. Journal of Medicinal Plants 2017;2(62):46-54.
  24. Collazo N, Carpena M, Nuñez-Estevez B, Otero P, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto M A. Health promoting properties of bee royal jelly: food of the queens. Nutrients 2021; 13:543.
  25. Aslan A, Gok O, Beyaz S, Can MI, Parlak G, Gundogdu R, et al. Royal jelly regulates the caspase, Bax and COX-2, TNF-α protein pathways in the fluoride exposed lung damage in rats. Tissue and Cell 2022; 76:101754. doi: 10.1016‏/tice.2022.101754.
  26. Guo J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Cao J, Tian W, Ma B, et al. Active components and biological functions of royal jelly. Journal of Functional Foods 2021; 82:104514. 
  27. Albalawi AE, Althobaiti NA, Alrdahe SS, Alhasani RH, Alaryani FS, BinMowyna MN. Antitumor activity of royal jelly and its cellular mechanisms against ehrlich solid tumor in mice. BioMed Research International 2022; 7233997.
  28. Martinello M, Mutinelli F. Antioxidant activity in bee products: A review. Antioxidants 2021;10(1):71. 
  29. Bhosale PB, Ha SE, Vetrivel P, Kim HH, Kim SM, Kim GS. Functions of polyphenols and its anticancer properties in biomedical research: a narrative review. Translational Cancer Research 2020;9(12):7619. doi: 10.21037‏/tcr-20-2359.
  30. Kopustinskiene DM, Jakstas V, Savickas A, Bernatoniene J. Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents Nutrients 2020;12(2):457.
  31. Koçtürk S, Kayatekin B, Resmi H, Açıkgöz O, Kaynak C, Özer E. The apoptotic response to strenuous exercise of the gastrocnemius and solues muscle fibers in rats. European Journal of Applied Physiology 2008;102(5):515-24. doi: 10.1007‏/s00421-007-0612-7.
  32. Kwak H-B. Effects of aging and exercise training on apoptosis in the heart. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 2013;9(2):212. doi: 10.1007‏/s00421-007-0612-7.
  33. Liu W, He W, Li H. Exhaustive training increases uncoupling protein 2 expression and decreases Bcl-2‏/Bax ratio in rat skeletal muscle. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2013; 780719.
  34. Hoseinzade I, Abdi A, Abbassi Daloii A. Protective effect of aerobic training and royal jelly on oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes in obese rats. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2022;31(206):30- 42. http:‏/‏/jmums.mazums.ac.ir‏/article1-17599-en.htm
Daneshvar Medicine
Volume 31, Issue 6 - Serial Number 169
March and April 2024
Pages 26-36