Shahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926Investigation of the prevalence of Campylobacter species and their antibiotic resistance phenotypes among poultry meat samples in 22 regions of Tehran, IranInvestigation of the prevalence of Campylobacter species and their antibiotic resistance phenotypes among poultry meat samples in 22 regions of Tehran, Iran181890FAAtenaSadeghiParvizOwliaLeilaGanjiSaeedBesharatiFatemehAhmadiElaheTajeddinMasoudAlebouyehRezaMohammadSalehiFereshtehFaniGholamrezaPouladfarBahramNikmaneshAliMajidpourSomayeh SoleymanzadehMoghadamParisaEslamiMarjan RahnamayeFarzamiJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Pathogenic species of Campylobacter, in addition to diarrhea and gastrointestinal diseases, could cause debilitating auto-immune and chronic diseases in humans. Investigation of the existence of this bacterium in food sources and clinical samples, and detection of antibiotic resistance could be helpful in the control of its spread and treatment procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter isolates isolated from poultry meat.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 100 poultry meat samples were collected from 22 districts of Tehran from July 2018 until March 2019. Accordingly, standard enrichment of the collected samples and their culture in selective medium was done. The isolates were characterized biochemically and by polymerase chain reaction for genus and species specific primers for C. jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis, and C. lari. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates to 7 antibiotics were done using E-test and disk diffusion methods. Moreover, resistance to three or greater classes of antibiotics was determined as multiple drug resistance phenotype (MDR) and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS16 software.
Results: Campylobacter was isolated from 35% of the poultry meat samples. C. jejuni (23%), C. coli (1%), and C. lari (1%) were among the Campylobacter isolates from these samples. Highest resistance phenotype and the lowest ones were detected against tetracycline (62.8%), and ampicillin and clindamycin (17.1%, each one), respectively. The MDR phenotype was detected among 42.8% of the isolates.
Conclusion: Our results showed high level of contamination with Campylobacter in the poultry meat samples which proposed increased risk of the infection with MDR strains among the consumers in Tehran. Further studies on human clinical samples could better determine this correlation.Background and Objective: Pathogenic species of Campylobacter, in addition to diarrhea and gastrointestinal diseases, could cause debilitating auto-immune and chronic diseases in humans. Investigation of the existence of this bacterium in food sources and clinical samples, and detection of antibiotic resistance could be helpful in the control of its spread and treatment procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter isolates isolated from poultry meat.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 100 poultry meat samples were collected from 22 districts of Tehran from July 2018 until March 2019. Accordingly, standard enrichment of the collected samples and their culture in selective medium was done. The isolates were characterized biochemically and by polymerase chain reaction for genus and species specific primers for C. jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis, and C. lari. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates to 7 antibiotics were done using E-test and disk diffusion methods. Moreover, resistance to three or greater classes of antibiotics was determined as multiple drug resistance phenotype (MDR) and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS16 software.
Results: Campylobacter was isolated from 35% of the poultry meat samples. C. jejuni (23%), C. coli (1%), and C. lari (1%) were among the Campylobacter isolates from these samples. Highest resistance phenotype and the lowest ones were detected against tetracycline (62.8%), and ampicillin and clindamycin (17.1%, each one), respectively. The MDR phenotype was detected among 42.8% of the isolates.
Conclusion: Our results showed high level of contamination with Campylobacter in the poultry meat samples which proposed increased risk of the infection with MDR strains among the consumers in Tehran. Further studies on human clinical samples could better determine this correlation.https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1890_7ee2c46678c17a12783821670a49c14b.pdfShahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926The effect of eight-week aerobic training in water, with or without consumption of Bunium persicum on the levels of hs-CRP and lipid profile in postmenopausal inactive womenThe effect of eight-week aerobic training in water, with or without consumption of Bunium persicum on the levels of hs-CRP and lipid profile in postmenopausal inactive women9241891FAMehriQalandarabadiNahidBijeh0000-0001-7039-3549Seyed RezaAttarzadeh HossiniJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important factors of mortality in Postmenopausal women and is most prevalent in postmenopausal women due to the reduced protective role of estrogen. So, this research was done with the aim of effect of 8-week aerobic exercise in water (AW) with or without consumption of Bunium persicum (BP) in levels of hsCRP and lipid profile in postmenopausal inactive women.
Materials and Methods: This study consisted of postmenopausal and obese women referring to pools in Mashhad who were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups of 10 each with exercise, supplementation and supplementation whit exercise. Training group for eight weeks (three days) program of aerobic exercise in water with 55-75% of maximum heart rate intensity has eight weeks of supplementation (3 g daily Bunium persicum) consumption and group with both interventions had exercise + supplements. For data analysis, KS test, paired samples t test and one-way ANOVA were used.
Results: Data Analysis showed a significant reduction in levels of hsCRP in BP group (p=0.01) and aerobic power in all three groups had a significant increase (p<0.05), but the changes in hsCRP and aerobic power did not have statistically significant difference between the three groups.
Conclusion: It seems that the daily consumption of BP plays an important role in prevention of CVD occurrence and AW with or without consumption of BP is effective on improvement of aerobic power.Background and Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important factors of mortality in Postmenopausal women and is most prevalent in postmenopausal women due to the reduced protective role of estrogen. So, this research was done with the aim of effect of 8-week aerobic exercise in water (AW) with or without consumption of Bunium persicum (BP) in levels of hsCRP and lipid profile in postmenopausal inactive women.
Materials and Methods: This study consisted of postmenopausal and obese women referring to pools in Mashhad who were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups of 10 each with exercise, supplementation and supplementation whit exercise. Training group for eight weeks (three days) program of aerobic exercise in water with 55-75% of maximum heart rate intensity has eight weeks of supplementation (3 g daily Bunium persicum) consumption and group with both interventions had exercise + supplements. For data analysis, KS test, paired samples t test and one-way ANOVA were used.
Results: Data Analysis showed a significant reduction in levels of hsCRP in BP group (p=0.01) and aerobic power in all three groups had a significant increase (p<0.05), but the changes in hsCRP and aerobic power did not have statistically significant difference between the three groups.
Conclusion: It seems that the daily consumption of BP plays an important role in prevention of CVD occurrence and AW with or without consumption of BP is effective on improvement of aerobic power.https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1891_e5d2ebf38f0c874f7fd33363d4a5e7dd.pdfShahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926The effect of acetyl l-carnitine on ultrastructure of injured motoneuron synapses in adult ratThe effect of acetyl l-carnitine on ultrastructure of injured motoneuron synapses in adult rat25321892FAMehranJamaliMarjanHeshmatiMohammadrezaJalali NadoushanJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Spinal cord compression is a relatively common neurological complication in developing country. This study was designed to assess neuroprotective effect of acetyl L-carnitine.
Materials and Methods: 16 adult Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250 to 300 g were divided into 4 randomized groups, namely, A-laminectomy with daily intraperitoneal injection of acetyl L-carnitine. B- laminectomy with daily intraperitoneal injection of saline. C- group A+ mechanical compression and D- group B+ mechanical compression. After 4 weeks, they were sacrificed for morphological study by light microscope and ultrastructure of synaptic zone of motoneurons was evaluated by electron microscope. The results were analyzed by Tukey’s and ANOVA by SPSS Ver 19. Furthermore, the significance level was P<0.05.
Results: The morphological results indicated that compression causes reduction of spinal cord motoneurons. Acetyl L-carnitine decreased this reduction of motoneurons after spinal cord compression and preserved motoneurons ultrastructure in synaptic zone and mitochondria.
Conclusion: In this study, acetyl L-carnitine was effective on preservation of ultrastructure of motoneuron synapses after mechanical compression in spinal cord. Of course, the measure of these changes in means of decreasing the effect of mechanical compression after spinal cord compression needs further researches.Background and Objective: Spinal cord compression is a relatively common neurological complication in developing country. This study was designed to assess neuroprotective effect of acetyl L-carnitine.
Materials and Methods: 16 adult Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250 to 300 g were divided into 4 randomized groups, namely, A-laminectomy with daily intraperitoneal injection of acetyl L-carnitine. B- laminectomy with daily intraperitoneal injection of saline. C- group A+ mechanical compression and D- group B+ mechanical compression. After 4 weeks, they were sacrificed for morphological study by light microscope and ultrastructure of synaptic zone of motoneurons was evaluated by electron microscope. The results were analyzed by Tukey’s and ANOVA by SPSS Ver 19. Furthermore, the significance level was P<0.05.
Results: The morphological results indicated that compression causes reduction of spinal cord motoneurons. Acetyl L-carnitine decreased this reduction of motoneurons after spinal cord compression and preserved motoneurons ultrastructure in synaptic zone and mitochondria.
Conclusion: In this study, acetyl L-carnitine was effective on preservation of ultrastructure of motoneuron synapses after mechanical compression in spinal cord. Of course, the measure of these changes in means of decreasing the effect of mechanical compression after spinal cord compression needs further researches.https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1892_3415d30ccfc72fd0c1ee854ea3a99604.pdfShahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926The effect of continuous training and intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) on miR-146a gene expression and TNF-α and IL-6 levels in obese womenThe effect of continuous training and intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) on miR-146a gene expression and TNF-α and IL-6 levels in obese women33421893FAVahidSari-SarrafRaminAmirsasanSeyyedeh FaridehIraqiJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which environmental and genetic factors are involved. Disrupting homeostasis of lipid metabolism can cause multiple disorders. Among different mechanisms that cause interpersonal differences in obesity, epigenetic factors play a key role in the expression of related genes. Also, the effect of continuous training with caloric restriction on the levels of some inflammatory cytokines has not been seriously investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the effect of continuous training along with intermittent caloric restriction (ICR) on miR-146a expression and TNF-α and IL-6 of peripheral blood in obese women.
Materials and Methods: 27 obese middle-aged women participated for eight weeks in the three groups of homogeneous control, ICR and continuous training with ICR. The expression level of miR-146a and plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were assessed 72 hours before and after exercise. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk tests, repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests at α<0.05.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the expression level of miR-146a and a decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the training with ICR group (P <0.05). But in the ICR group, the decrease in IL6 and TNF-α was not significant as compared to control group (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Continuous training and ICR increases miR-146a gene expression. Remarkably, when continuous training is associated with ICR, this effect is multiplied and plays a key role in decreasing chronic inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6).Background and Objective: Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which environmental and genetic factors are involved. Disrupting homeostasis of lipid metabolism can cause multiple disorders. Among different mechanisms that cause interpersonal differences in obesity, epigenetic factors play a key role in the expression of related genes. Also, the effect of continuous training with caloric restriction on the levels of some inflammatory cytokines has not been seriously investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the effect of continuous training along with intermittent caloric restriction (ICR) on miR-146a expression and TNF-α and IL-6 of peripheral blood in obese women.
Materials and Methods: 27 obese middle-aged women participated for eight weeks in the three groups of homogeneous control, ICR and continuous training with ICR. The expression level of miR-146a and plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were assessed 72 hours before and after exercise. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk tests, repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests at α<0.05.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the expression level of miR-146a and a decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the training with ICR group (P <0.05). But in the ICR group, the decrease in IL6 and TNF-α was not significant as compared to control group (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Continuous training and ICR increases miR-146a gene expression. Remarkably, when continuous training is associated with ICR, this effect is multiplied and plays a key role in decreasing chronic inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6).https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1893_1297db58ac4aa2e45fbb53f0f129e12b.pdfShahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926The effect of mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides on depression-like behavior induced by reserpine in the ratThe effect of mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides on depression-like behavior induced by reserpine in the rat43561894FAMaryamMalekianBatoolRahmati1111-1111-1111-1111FaezehRezaeiMohsenKhalili1111-2222-3333-444XJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Many studies demonstrate that cognitive empowerment reduces the risk of depression. Anti-depressant properties of Nepeta menthoides has also been reported. This study aimed to determine the effects of mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides and also to compare both of them on reserpine-induced depression in rats.
Materials and Methods: Male rats were divided into 8 groups: 1- Saline, 2- Reserpine, 3-Reserpine + Fluoxetine, 4- Nepeta, 5- Nepeta +Reserpine, 6- Mental exercise, 7- Mental exercise+ Reserpine, 8- Mental exercise + Nepeta + Reserpine. Reserpine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for 14 days. At the same time, the animals received Nepeta at a dose of 200 mg/kg and radial maze training was conducted. Then, the results for forced swimming test (FST), sucrose preference (SPT), elevated plus maze (EPMT) and open field tests (OFT) were assessed through one-way Analysis of Variance.
Results: Reserpine significantly enhanced immobility and decreased active swimming time, while mental exercise combined with Nepeta were able to antagonize the effect of reserpine. Reserpine also lowered sucrose preference ratio which were recovered in mental exercise, Nepeta and combined treatment groups. Decreased locomotor activity due to reserpine was improved in mental exercise and Nepeta groups. Time spent and % of entrance into the open arms reduced by reserpine and Nepeta compensate it.
Conclusion: Mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides improve the depression and behavioral symptoms of anxiety induced by reserpine better than fluoxetine.Background and Objective: Many studies demonstrate that cognitive empowerment reduces the risk of depression. Anti-depressant properties of Nepeta menthoides has also been reported. This study aimed to determine the effects of mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides and also to compare both of them on reserpine-induced depression in rats.
Materials and Methods: Male rats were divided into 8 groups: 1- Saline, 2- Reserpine, 3-Reserpine + Fluoxetine, 4- Nepeta, 5- Nepeta +Reserpine, 6- Mental exercise, 7- Mental exercise+ Reserpine, 8- Mental exercise + Nepeta + Reserpine. Reserpine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for 14 days. At the same time, the animals received Nepeta at a dose of 200 mg/kg and radial maze training was conducted. Then, the results for forced swimming test (FST), sucrose preference (SPT), elevated plus maze (EPMT) and open field tests (OFT) were assessed through one-way Analysis of Variance.
Results: Reserpine significantly enhanced immobility and decreased active swimming time, while mental exercise combined with Nepeta were able to antagonize the effect of reserpine. Reserpine also lowered sucrose preference ratio which were recovered in mental exercise, Nepeta and combined treatment groups. Decreased locomotor activity due to reserpine was improved in mental exercise and Nepeta groups. Time spent and % of entrance into the open arms reduced by reserpine and Nepeta compensate it.
Conclusion: Mental exercise and Nepeta menthoides improve the depression and behavioral symptoms of anxiety induced by reserpine better than fluoxetine.https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1894_5ab08631bed23d19500b72679ef24518.pdfShahed UniversityDaneshvar Medicine2716-972327620200926The effect of aerobic training on serum levels of Growth differentiation factor-15 and insulin resistance in elderly women with metabolic syndromeThe effect of aerobic training on serum levels of Growth differentiation factor-15 and insulin resistance in elderly women with metabolic syndrome57661895FAKamiliaMoghadamiMaryamShabaniMousaKhalafiJournal Article20200926Background and Objective: Aerobic training plays an important role in the improvement of cardiovascular-metabolic disorders associated with aging and metabolic syndrome; however, the role of this type of training on growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) as a new biomarker for predicting cardiac disorders is not understood. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on serum levels of GDF-15 and insulin resistance index in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Method: 24 elderly women with metabolic syndrome (age: 65.37±4.08, weight: 88.98±6.56 kg, BMI: 34.14±1.47) were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic training (n=12) and control group (n=12). The aerobic training protocol was administered for 12 weeks, three sessions per week at an intensity of 65-50% of maximum heart rate. Serum samples were collected in pre-test and post-test for ELISA using insulin, glucose and GDF-15.
Results: Results of data analysis showed that aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in serum GDF-15 compared to control group (P˂0.05). Also, aerobic training was associated with a significant decrease in serum glucose and insulin resistance (P˂0.05), while it had no effect on serum insulin (P˃0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic training has an effective role in reducing serum GDF-15, which may be due to the improvement of metabolic parameters and consequently a reduction in the need for GDF-15 compensation.Background and Objective: Aerobic training plays an important role in the improvement of cardiovascular-metabolic disorders associated with aging and metabolic syndrome; however, the role of this type of training on growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) as a new biomarker for predicting cardiac disorders is not understood. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on serum levels of GDF-15 and insulin resistance index in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Method: 24 elderly women with metabolic syndrome (age: 65.37±4.08, weight: 88.98±6.56 kg, BMI: 34.14±1.47) were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic training (n=12) and control group (n=12). The aerobic training protocol was administered for 12 weeks, three sessions per week at an intensity of 65-50% of maximum heart rate. Serum samples were collected in pre-test and post-test for ELISA using insulin, glucose and GDF-15.
Results: Results of data analysis showed that aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in serum GDF-15 compared to control group (P˂0.05). Also, aerobic training was associated with a significant decrease in serum glucose and insulin resistance (P˂0.05), while it had no effect on serum insulin (P˃0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic training has an effective role in reducing serum GDF-15, which may be due to the improvement of metabolic parameters and consequently a reduction in the need for GDF-15 compensation.https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1895_bdea1de0f7e909f4ec19f787ec7f67dc.pdf