بررسی وضعیت سلامت روان و مهارت‌های مقابله‌ای در زنان سرپرست خانوار شهر بیرجند

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: زنان سرپرست خانوار گروه آسیب‌پذیری هستند که در معرض انواع آسیب‌های روان‌شناختی و اجتماعی قرار دارند.لذا این مطالعه باهدف بررسی وضعیت سلامت روان و مهارت‌های مقابله‌ای زنان سرپرست خانوار شهر بیرجند در سال 1396 انجام شد.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی بر روی 200 نفر از زنان سرپرست خانوار 50-20 سال تحت پوشش کمیته امداد شهر بیرجند انجام شد. نمونه‌گیری به صورت خوشه‌ای وبرای انتخاب نمونه ازهر یک از مناطق شهر بیرجند از تخصیص متناسب استفاده شد. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه استاندارد راهبردهای مقابله ای لازاروس و سلامت عمومی صورت گرفت. داده‌ها پس از جمع آوری در SPSS 19 وارد و توسط آزمون کای اسکوئر، tمستقل، آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه و کروسکال والیس تجزیه وتحلیل شد.

نتایج: میانگین سنی زنان مورد 36/7±5/38 سال بود،5/48% به علت طلاق سرپرست شده بودند.تنها 6/11% سلامت روان مطلوب داشتند و 5/77 % پاسخگویان از مهارت‌های مقابله ای مسئله محور برخوردار بودند.بین سلامت روان و مهارت‌های مقابله‌ای رابطه معناداری مشاهده نشد. در بین متغیرهای دموگرافیک تنها وضعیت اشتغال و تحصیلات با سلامت روان ارتباط داشت به طوری که اختلال در کارکرد اجتماعی در زنان شاغل به گونه معناداری بالاتر بود وزنانی که تحصیلات بالاتری داشتند از افسردگی بالاتری برخوردار بودند.وضعیت اشتغال نیز با سبک‌های مقابله‌ای  ارتباط معنادار داشت،درواقع زنان بیکار نسبت به شاغل هیجان مدارتر بودند.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: زنان سرپرست خانوار مورد مطالعه از سلامت روان مناسبی برخوردار نیستند،بنابراین نیاز به برنامه‌ریزی در راستای مداخله‌های مؤثر و به تبع آن بهبود شرایط زندگی و سلامت روان این زنان احساس می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A study on mental health status and coping skills in female household heads in Birjand

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elahe Enayatifar 1
  • MohammadReza Miri 2
  • Ensiyeh Norozi 2
  • Tayebeh Hosseini 2
  • Hakimeh Malaki Moghadam 2
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Female heads of households stand as a vulnerable group who are exposed to various psychological and social harms. The purpose of this study was to determine the mental health and coping skills of female heads of households in Birjand in 2017.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study incorporated 200 women (age range: 20-50 years) that were covered by the Relief Committee. They were selected by cluster sampling method where participants were selected via proportional allocation from each region in Birjand. The data were collected by Lazarus’ Ways of Coping Questionnaire and the standard General Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS 19 using Chi-square, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: The mean age of women was 38.5 ± 36.7 years old. They acted as heads mainly because of divorce (48.5% of them). Only 11.6% had a satisfactory mental health and 77.5% had problem-oriented coping skills. There was no significant relationship between mental health and coping skills. Among demographic variables, only employment status and education correlated with mental health, so that social dysfunction was significantly greater in employed women. Women with higher education levels had higher depression. Employment status was also significantly associated with coping styles where unemployed women were more emotion-oriented than the employed ones.
Conclusion: The female heads of households in this study fail to have proper mental health. Thus, there is the need for planning effective interventions and consequently improving living conditions and mental health of these women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • coping skills
  • Mental Health
  • Female heads of households

مراجع

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دانشور پزشکی
دوره 26، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 135
135
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 11-18

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