Predicting physical activity behavior among Iranian medical college students using the transtheoretical model
Ashraf
Pirasteh
گروه بهداشت و پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Ali
Davati
گروه بهداشت و پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Zahra
Jouhari
گروه بهداشت و پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Laleh
Mohamadi
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه شاهد
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Nowadays, the importance of
physical activity as a health promoting behavior has been well documented. The
purpose of this study was prediction of transtheorical model (TTM)’s
constructs on regular physical activity among medical students. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic
research that carried out on 307 medical students at Shahed University using
census method in 2011. The instruments of data collection were demographic and
standard scale of seven-day physical activity recall (PAR), and benefits scale
& barriers scale. The TTM guided instrument
development. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The findings of descriptive statistics showed that
mean age of students was 22.28 years (SD = 2.6) and 69.4% of participants were
women. Mean of weekly physical activity in all of the students
was 175.17 minutes, SD: 172.04, but in men a little more than women. The
finding of analytic statistics showed that regression analysis predict that if
1 score increase to total scores of benefits caused 7 scores in addition to
total scores of physical activity and 1 score
increase to total scores of barriers caused 12 scores decrease to total scores
of physical activity. Conclusion: Those findings and using TTM constructs
will help practitioners for intervention
and to improve the physical activity among university students.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1524_dafc05d63be54acd7386de6d31188939.pdf
Ergonomic evaluation of non-powered hand tools: introduction and validation in dentistry
Mahnaz
Saremi
گروه ارگونومی، دانشکده سلامت، ایمنی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهیدبهشتی
author
Reza
Khani Jazani
گروه ارگونومی، دانشکده سلامت، ایمنی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
Amir
Kavousi
گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده سلامت، ایمنی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهیدبهشتی
author
Tara
Rezapour
گروه ارگونومی، دانشکده سلامت، ایمنی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهیدبهشتی
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Non-powered hand tools are
frequently used in many trades and industries. The importance of paying
attention to ergonomic design, evaluation and selection of hand tools, justify
the necessity of creating an appropriate evaluating tool. The aim of the
present study was to desing such a questionnaire as well as to validate it. Materials and Methods: Based on the literature, previous
studies and diverse usability models, a primary questionnaire was written with
34 items to which the validation process was applied. In order to determine the
reliability of the questionnaire, four commonly used non-owered dental hand
tools was evaluated by 30 dental students. Results: After confirming face and content validity,the
instrument yields good internal reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient
equal to 0.85, 0.92 0.94 and 0.94 for aspiration syringe, usual syringe, usual
forceps and notched forceps,respectively. Finally, the "ergonomic
evaluation of non-powered hand tools questionnaire" consists 20 items in a
3-factor structure including usability, safety and physical interaction. Conclusion: The proposed questionnaire is quite brief and
written in a clear and common language. Our results confirmed its applicability
for dental non-powered hand tools. However, it is preferable to conduct
furthere researches in order to evaluate its validity in other occupations and
other non-powered hand tools.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
v.
3
no.
2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1525_6175ffe8cb93cb9ce28908bb79376709.pdf
Development of expression constructs for production of human recombinant IFNγ in Leishmania tarentolae
Noushin
Davoudi
مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژِی، انستیتو پاستور ایران
author
Mohammad Mehdi
Attarpour Yazdi
گروه میکروبشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Azam
Hemmati
انستیتو پاستور ایران
author
Hossein
Soltaninejad
انستیتو پاستور ایران
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: The aim of the present study was
to express recombinant human interferon-gamma in Leishmania tarentolae.
The Leishmania expression system represents the combination of easy handling
known from bacterial expression systems with the potential of a eukaryotic
protein expression, folding and modification system. The trypanosomatid
protozoan host Leishmania tarentolae was isolated from lizard and is not
pathogenic to mammals. Materials and Methods: In this study, two constructs were
developed for expression of recombinant human interferon-gamma (hrIFNg) in L.
tarentolae. Each one of constructs carries an antibiotic resistant gene
such as Hygromycin and Nourseothericin. For high level expression of the human interferon-gamma, developed DNA
cassette that contains interferon-gamma (IFNg) cDNA was designed to integrate into
a genomic small subunit rRNA locus of L. tarentolae by homologous
recombination. Results: The integration of the expression cassette into
the ssu locus was confirmed by diagnostic PCR of the genomic DNA of transgenic
strain. Conclusion: Although it has been shown that E. coli
might be considered as a suitable host with a relatively high level of
expression and lack of posttranslational modifications and the need for
refolding stages are still big challenges. In contrast, L. tarentolae is
eukaryotic gene expression machinery, which includes full glycosylation and
disulfide bond formation, and thus represents a potential advantage over other
expression systems. These facts confirm that the gene expression system using
Leishmania parasites combines many of the advantages of both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic expression systems.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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3
no.
2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1526_2550b0047a207f761c2123ba5e2337db.pdf
The effect of 4-week omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and endurance training on blood lipids and endurance performance of young men
Hamid
Arazi
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان
author
Ahmad
Ghiasi
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان
author
Kako
Hosseini
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان
author
Hossein
Mohamadaminpoor
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Although endurance training or omega-3 fatty acids consumption
have beneficial effects on cardiovascular system, but it seems that their
simultaneous use have more benefits. This study investigated the effect of
4-week omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and endurance training on blood
lipids and endurance performance of young men. Materials and Methods: Forty untrained overweight young men with high cholesterol and
triglyceride were randomly divided into "omega-3", "endurance
training", "omega-3 and endurance training" and
"control" groups and participated in a 4-week test. Supplement groups
consumed an omega-3 capsules per day. Training groups trained 3 sessions per
week and with 65% maximal heart rate for 20 minutes in the first week. Exercise
intensity and duration were increased 5 percent and 4 minutes respectively
every week. Blood samples were collected before and after the test period and
triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL and LDL concentrations were measured. Endurance
performance of Subjects was assessed by the Bruce test. Results: In the "endurance training" and "omega-3 and
endurance training" groups, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations
significantly decreased and maximal oxygen consumption increased. HDL
concentrations of "omega-3", "endurance training" and
"omega-3 and endurance training" groups significantly increased and
LDL concentration of "omega-3 and endurance training" group had a
significant decrease. Conclusion: Endurance training or omega-3 fatty acids consumption improve
blood lipids and endurance performance and combined effects of omega-3
consumption and endurance training has apparently the most favorable effect on
these variables.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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3
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1527_9ea0db6d7cae17f892c5a7debe119c03.pdf
Evaluation of individual characteristics, common clinical signs and diet history in patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in Hamedan
Rahim
Ahmadi
گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان
author
Vahid
Asgary
گروه ایمنولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Thyroid disorders, particularly
hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, are among the common clinical disorders
occurring in most communities. The main aim of this study was to determine the individual characteristics, common clinical
signs and diet history in patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in different
areas in Hamedan Materials and Methods: This study was a cross sectional
retrospective study, which was conducted to investigate individual
characteristics, common clinical signs and diet history in patients with hypo-
or hyperthyroidism during 2003-2007 in Hamedan province. Statistical population
in our study comprised patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism referring to
hospitals or care centers in different areas in Hamedan province during
2003-2007, and was documentary profiled. Individual questionnaire, clinical
signs questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire and face to face interview
were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using t- or Chi-square
tests to determine the association between variables and hypo- or
hyperthyroidism in patients and to compare study subgroups. Results: The
results showed that out of 1080 patients whom we studied, 63% were
hypothyroid and 37% were hyperthyroid. The distribution of ABO blood group phenotype in hypo- or hyperthyroid
patients was comparable to its normal distribution in the area. The frequency
of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism was higher in females than males (p < 0.001).
History of familial marriage was observed in 38.5% or 18.39% of parents of
hyperthyroid or hypothyroid patients, respectively. History of psychological
problems was common in 41.25% of hyperthyroid and in 60.3% of hypothyroid
patients and a history of negative life events was observed in 45.5% of
hyperthyroid and in 64.4% of hypothyroid patients. There was lower consumption
of meat and cereal food groups in patients than standard recommended orders (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Occurrence of hyperthyroidism
or hypothyroidism was more common in females than males. Genetic background,
familial history, and psychological problems were among the important causes
associated with hypo- or hyperthyroidism in patients in Hamedan.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1528_8c68e73070a93c9bdf7482ba196be2c6.pdf
Effect of one-session vigorous training on muscular damage and renal function markers in elite karate athletes
Nader
Shavandi
گروه فیزیولوژی دانشگاه اراک
author
Reza
Afshar
گروه نفرولوژی دانشکده پزشکی و مرکز تحقیقات میکروبیولوژی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Abolfazl
Samiei
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، سازمان آموزش و پرورش ناحیه 2، اراک
author
Rahman
Sheikh Hoseini
دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2012
per
Objective: Aim of this investigation was to study the
effect of one-session karate training on muscle and renal damage markers in
karate athletes. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study with
pre- and post-test design, 10 elite volunteer male athletes were selected and
participated in one-session training (2 hours). Urine and blood samples were
collected before training and one hour after training and urine samples was
collected 6 hours after training, too. Urinary and plasma creatinine, LDH and
CK values were measured through laboratory methods. Data was analyzed using
descriptive statistics, repeated measures, paired sample t test and Wilcoxon
with 95% of confidence level. Results: There were significant differences between urinary
values of creatinine, LDH and CK in the three sampling phases (p < 0.05 There
were also significant differences between the mean urinary and blood values of
creatinine, LDH and CK within pre-exercise and 1 hour post-exercise values and
urinary values of creatinine, LDH and CK within 1 hour post-exercise value and
6 hours post-exercise, too (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that a session of intensive karate
training can increase muscular damage and renal function markers but these
values decreased to initial measures 6 hours after training.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1529_9af6c4815245225bf884c6feda972354.pdf
Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial effect of methanolic extract from thyme (Thymus vulgar), senna (Cassia angustifolia) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Zahra
Hojjati Bonab
گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بناب
author
Elhameh
Nikkhah
مرکز تحقیقات کاربردی دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Thymus vulgar, Cassia
angustifolia and Glycyrrhiza glabra are widely used in the East Azerbaijan folk
medicine. Effective compounds present in these plants could be candidates for some
of their biological activities and therefore for their therapeutic uses. In
this study, methanolic extract of these plants was used to detect their antioxidant
and antimicrobial activity. Materials and Methods: Methanolic
extract of the dried powder was obtained by maceration method. Then, the
solvent was removed by rotary evaporator. As antioxidant activity test,
superoxide anion radical scavenging level was measured by a pyrogallol auto-oxidation
system. The antibacterial activity
of methanolic extract of these plants was tested by disc diffusion method
against 3 enteric microorganisms. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and
the minimum
bactericidal concentration (MBC) of methanolic extracts were also
determined. Results: The antioxidant activity of methanolic
extract of Thymus was dose-dependent The Cassia also showed antioxidant
properties in small quantities, but no specific antioxidant activity of
Glycyrrhiza extract was observed. The three microorganisms were
sensitive to the methanolic extract of these plants and
showed 4 to 15 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: Thyme has
both stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activities than the other two plants. Generally, different results obtained for each plant depend on
several factors such as amount of active ingredients contained in each plant
and it also depends on genus and the family of plants, type of solvent and extraction
method.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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3
no.
2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1530_465ff4b9190cf6497adf34fa8b52f72f.pdf
The effect of Daucus carota aqueous extract on uterine contractions of non-pregnant rats
Akram
Ahangarpour
گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات فیزیولوژی و مرکز تحقیقات دیابت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندیشاپور
author
Ashraf
Amirzargar
گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندیشاپور
author
Ali Akbar
Oroojan
گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندیشاپور
author
Hamideh
Bakhtiyarizadeh
دانشکده پیراپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندیشاپور
author
Ommolbanin
Nikraftar
دانشکده پیراپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندیشاپور
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Daucus carota has
antioxidant effect and a high content of beta carotene. It has been reported
that Daucus carota has estrogenic and hormonal effects on female
reproductive system. Since there was no experimental research about the effect
of this plant on uterus contraction, we therefore decided to study the effect
of aqueous extract of Daucus carota on uterus contractions. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 virgin
Wistar rats (200-300 g) were divided into 4 groups. After inducing contraction
with KCL, oxytocin and incubation with propranolol and naloxane, the effect of
various doses of the extract was assessed. After laparatomy, a piece of uterus
(1.5 cm) was excised and mounted in an organ bath (10 ml) containing De Jalon
(29 °C). Then, pieces of uterus were contracted with KCL and oxytocin and aqueous
extract of Daucus carota at doses of 0.1-0.8 mg/ml was added to organ
bath in the presence of KCL and oxytocin. In this study, the uterus was
separately incubated with propranolol (1 µM),
naloxone (1 µM) and the role of β-adrenoceptors
and opioid receptors were also evaluated. Results: Cumulative concentrations of the extract
dose-dependently decreased uterine contractions induced by KCl (p < 0.05) and
oxytocin (p < 0.001). Also, incubation of tissues with propranolol and
naloxone did not have any role in the effect of this extract. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that
antispasmodic effect of aqueous extract of Daucus carota probably accomplished via voltage dependent
calcium channels blockade and β-adrenoceptors and opioid receptors did not have
any role in this effect.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1531_85b5be0f6815b34f0a555510ecd69aa0.pdf
The effect of resistance training intensity and volume on serum vaspin concentration and insulin resistance index in adult male rats
Elahe
Talebi-Garakani
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر
author
Alireza
Safarzade
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر
author
text
article
2012
per
Background and Objective: Vaspin (visceral
adipose tissue-derived serpin) was identified as a potential insulin
sensitizing adipokine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect
of resistance training intensity and volume on serum vaspin concentration and
insulin resistance index. Materials and Methods: Thirty two male Wister rats (287 ±
24 g) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) trained with low
intensity, (3) trained with moderate intensity, and (4) trained with high
volume in moderate intensity. The resistance training consisted of climbing a
ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. After 4 weeks resistance
training, serum glucose, insulin, and vaspin concentrations were measured, and
insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Results: Serum vaspin concentrations were lower in trained
groups compared with control group. Trained groups had lower serum insulin
concentrations and insulin resistance index than control group. The lowest
serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance index were found in high
volume in moderate intensity group. Conclusion: This study indicated that resistance training
could decrease serum vaspin and insulin concentrations as well as insulin
resistance index. The volume of resistance training is an effective factor to
improve insulin sensitivity.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
20
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3
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2012
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1532_52845b9cd80dfe0ea19c884db2613f73.pdf