Evaluation of health literacy of pregnant women in urban health centers of Shahid Beheshti Medical University
Shahla
Ghanbari
دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
Fereshteh
Majlessi
گروه آموزش و ارتقای سلامت دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
author
Mohtasham
Ghaffari
گروه آموزش بهداشت دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
Mahmood
Mahmoodi Majdabadi
گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Health literacy is “The degree to
which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and
understand basic health information and
services needed to make appropriate health decisions”, that
is an important element in woman’s ability to engage in health promotion and
prevention activities both for herself and her children. The purpose of this
study was to investigate the health literacy level of pregnant women in urban
health centers of
Shahid Beheshti Medical
University. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study (a
descriptive-analytical one), 240 pregnant women who received prenatal care from
health centers were investigated using the test of Functional Health Literacy for
adults. Results: The mean age of the sample was 27.7 years (SD=5.1)
and the mean age of education was 10.6 years (SD=3.3 range: 1-22). In
addition, 30% of participants had low, 24.6% had marginal and 45.4% had
adequate health literacy. Health literacy was significantly different by the
location of the health centers (x2=24.47, df=6,
p < 0.001), age (x2=21.86, df=8, p < 0.005), and
education (x2=90.16, df=8, p < 0.001). Based on the multiple regression,
health literacy was significantly associated with level of education (t=9.41,
p < 0.001), age (t=2.56,
p < 0.011), and employment (t=2.01, p < 0.045). Conclusion: This study showed that limited functional
health literacy is a widespread problem in pregnant women. Low health literacy
may impair a patient’s understanding of health messages and advices, so health
providers should use effective educational methods for people who have limited
reading and writing abilities.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2020
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1497_b713e14ac7f47e234a59c73da07423f0.pdf
The effect of unstable social status, deprivation and inequality in food intake on histopathological changes of hippocampal neurons of Newzealand rabbits
Fatemeh
Moradi
مرکز تحقیقات علوم اعصاب دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
Shahnaz
Mojarab
دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Mohammad Reza
Vaez Mahdavi
گروه فیزیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه پژوهشی عدالت در سلامت و مرکز تحقیقات کارآزمایی بالینی طب سنتی ایرانی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Abolhassan
Ahmadiani
گروه فارماکولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات علوم اعصاب دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
Mehrdad
Roghani
مرکز تحقیقات نوروفیزیولوژی دانشگاه شاهد
author
Ali Reza
Delshad
گروه بافتشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Taghi
Altiraihi
گروه بافتشناسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Based on
both laboratory animal and human society studies, inequality in food intake and
social instability has adverse effects on individuals and community health.
However, it is not known whether social instability, food deprivation and food
inequality affect neuronal death and premature aging in young animals. To
address this question, the effect of food deprivation, food intake inequality
with or without unstable social status was evaluated and histopathological
changes in hippocampal pyramidal cells and aging process were investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty eight
Newzealand white male rabbits were divided into six groups and different social
situations were applied to some groups during eight weeks. After the end of the
period of the experiment, lipofuscin accumulation and apoptosis as main markers
of aging were studied by long Ziehl Nelseen staining and the terminal
deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay in the hippocampal
pyramidal cells, respectively. Serum cortisol level was also measured. Results: The simultaneous
application of the mentioned situations (i.e. food deprivation, social
inequality and instability) caused a significant change in lipofuscin
accumulation in the hippocampal pyramidal cells in comparison with the control
group (p < 0.005). The results also showed a significant increase in ratio of
apoptotic to normal cells in all of the stressed groups compared with control
(p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest
that food deprivation, inequality in food intake and social instability can
enhance the apoptosis rate of hippocampal pyramidal cells through increasing
lipofuscin accumulation.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2020
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1498_bb5552235e1caacd411619ec93977930.pdf
The effect of Ramadan fasting and physical activity on anthropometrics, lipid profile and blood pressure of normal male students
Seyed Reza
Attarzadeh Hosseini
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Ali Akbar
Shamsian
جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد
author
Sadegh
Abbasian
فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Mahdi
Gahremani Moghadam
فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Inappropriate changes of lipid
profile are associated with obesity and overweight and can increase the risk of
diabetes, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Materials and Methods: In this study, 19 male students aged
19-25 years were selected as volunteers. First they were divided into two
groups: active fasting (n=9) and passive fasting (n=10). Active fasting group
performed 14 sessions of exercise training. Three sessions per week with an
intensity of 50 to 75 percent heart rate reserve (HRR) for 45-60 minutes was
performed. Blood sampling was done at four stages. Data were analyzed by
GLM-Repeated Measures (ANOVA) at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The effect of fasting
with and without physical activity on anthropometric measures was not
significantly different, but one-month fasting with physical activity decreased
weight, BMI, WHR and percentage body fat (PBF). During the fasting, TG/HDL and
TC/HDL ratios decreased in the active group and these values returned
to initial levels at the end of fasting. Levels of TG, LDL and TG/HDL in
fasting group without exercise slightly increased. The effect of fasting, both
with and without exercise on resting heart rate, blood pressure, diastolic,
systolic, mean arterial and myocardial oxygen cost was not significantly
different. Conclusion: One-month fasting with regular physical activity reduces the weight,
percent body fat, WHR and BMI and could prevent
inappropriate changes of lipid profile and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis
and metabolic syndrome.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2020
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1499_c9206b374993ad9f7d315c304de38e1c.pdf
Comparison of the thoracic kyphosis and diaphragm thickness between women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy individuals
Farshad
Okhovatian
گروه فیزیوتراپی، مرکز تحقیقات فیزیوتراپی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، بیمارستان مهر
author
Sahar
Shayegan
دانشکده بینالملل دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، بیمارستان غیاثی
author
Sedighe
SadatNaeimi
گروه فیزیوتراپی، دانشکده توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes shallow
breathing, low oxygen, muscular weakness and reduced mobility. The
most common symptoms of COPD is shortness
of breath and a chronic cough with sputum. Despite
the high prevalence of this disease and effective
role of physical therap < /span>y, there is a noticeable lack of research in this area. Therefore, the
purpose of this study was to compare the degree of thoracic kyphosis and diaphragm muscle thickness between
females with COPD and healthy women. Materials and Methods: In
this study, 20 women with COPD
(stages 2 and 3) and 20 healthy women were examined regarding some biomechanical and
physiological parameters. Diaphragm thickness was determined using ultrasound and kyphosis angle was measured by flexible ruler. Results: Kyphosis in healthy
subject was less than healthy individuals (p < /span>
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2020
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1500_470400e142667655d192476a4721c412.pdf
The effect of practice type on static and dynamic balance in elderly 60-75 year old women with no history of falling
Behrouz
Abdoli
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Amir
Shams
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Parvaneh
Shamsipour Dehkordi
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: The purpose of the present
research was to examine the effect of practice type (physical, mental and mixed
practices) on static and dynamic balance in elderly women at an age range of
60-75 years with no history of falling. Materials and Methods: Statistical sample of this research
study included 45 none falling elderly women at an age range of 60-75 years
that were randomly divided into three experimental groups. In this research,
the Sharpened-Romberg test (with eyes open and close) was used to measure the
static balance and Timed-get up and Go test was used to measure the dynamic
balance. In pre-test phase, the mean of three trials of dynamic and static balance
tests performance was recorded for all participants. All participants were
practiced in 6 sessions according to defined protocol, then, they were
participated in post-test that was similar to pre-test. The data were analyzed
by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test at a
significant level of p < 0.05. Results: The obtained findings showed that regarding
performance (mental, physical and mixed), a significant difference exists
between the static (with eyes open and close) and dynamic balance in post-test.
Result of Bonferroni post hoc showed that mixed group has a significant
difference versus the other groups (p < 0.05) and subjects in the former group
had a better performance than other groups. Furthermore, the performance of
physical practice group was better than mental practice group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present
research, it could be concluded that for improvement of static and dynamic
balance in elder women, practice method in specific programs is recommended.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1501_5af6ef95403f1637bf70e78cff42382d.pdf
The effect of curcumin on short-term spatial memory and passive avoidance learning and memory in diabetic rats and evaluation of the role of lipid peroxidation
Mehrdad
Roghani
مرکز تحقیقات نوروفیزیولوژی، دانشگاه شاهد
author
Tourandokht
Baluchnejadmojarad
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه فیزیولوژی تهران
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Curcumin exhibits
antidiabetic and antioxidant effect and memory augmenting property. This study
was done to evaluate the effect of its chronic administration on the learning
and memory of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Wistar
rats were divided into 5 groups, i.e. control, curcumin-treated control (50
mg/kg), diabetic, and curcumin-treated diabetic groups (10 and 50 mg/kg).
Curcumin was administered 7 days after streptozotocin injection for 5 weeks.
For evaluation of learning and memory, passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were
used. Level of malondialdehyde in hippocampus was also measured. Results: STL significantly decreased in diabetic
(p < 0.01) and low-dose curcumin-treated diabetic (p < 0.05) groups and this
parameter was significantly higher in diabetic group receiving high-dose
curcumin as compared to diabetics (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, alternation
percentage was significantly lower in diabetic group relative to control
(p < 0.05) and high-dose-treated diabetic group showed a significant increase
in comparison with diabetic group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, high-dose curcumin
significantly reduced level of MDA in diabetic group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Chronic treatment with curcumin at a
dose of 50 mg/kg could enhance the capability of consolidation and recall in
diabetic animals and could improve short-term spatial memory in diabetic
animals.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1502_0df8555f2294dff9c9a0b4e21fbfb27f.pdf
Dietary habits of overweight and obese women at reproductive age
Behrooz
Hamzeh
گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
author
Neda
Izadi
دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
author
Yahya
Pasdar
گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
author
Parisa
Niazi
دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and
Objective: Maternal
obesity has been associated with pregnancy outcome. Dietary pattern and food consumption may play an
important role in overweight and obese individuals. The objective of
this study was to determine the relationship
between dietary habits and obesity in women at reproductive aged in Kermanshah. Materials and Methods: In this research study, 154 overweight
and obese women (BMI>25 kg/m2) were recruited using
convenient sampling method. FFQ and dietary habit questionnaires were used for dietary
data collection. Body composition was assessed using bioelectric
impedance (Plusavis 333) and data was analysed by SPSS16. Results: The mean age, weight and BMI were
37.8+7.4 years, 76.8+9.9 kg and 31.6+3.7 kg/m2,
respectively. In addition, 27% of participants had WHR and percentage of body
fat (PBF) more than maximum cut-offs for women (0.85 and 40%, respectively).
The results showed that 76.6% of subjects had non-healthy eating dietary
habits. There was significant relationship between the amount of food
consumption and BMI and PBF (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that changing
food consumption patterns, coupled with decreasing physical activity, directly
contribute to overweight and
obesity. Nutrition awareness and education campaigns, combined with
exercise, seem to be most promising to combat the obesity
pandemic in developing countries.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1503_a642744dc42f826636265644678e2480.pdf
Comparison of resistance and endurance exercises on testosterone to cortisol ratio in post-menopausal women
Donya
Sourati Jabloo
فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Seyed Reza
Attarzadeh Hosseini
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Delaram
Sayadpour Zanjani
جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد
author
Amin
Ahmadi
فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Jalal
Mansouri
فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Reduction of the anabolic to
catabolic hormones plays an important role in muscle loss and strength reduction
in post-menopausal women. The ratio of testosterone to cortisol concentration (T:C)
is used as indicative of the stress level imposed by the exercise. Increases in
this ratio are responsible for hypertrophy and strength gain. The objective of
the present study was to investigate the influence of a resistance exercise
session and an endurance exercise session on T:C ratio in post-menopausal
women. Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional research study, 10 elderly women (age=54.3±3.74
years, BMI= 24.88±2.07 kg.m-2) participated in three protocols:
1) resistance protocol (1 session, 3 sets of 10 repetitions of eight exercises
with %80 1RM), 2) endurance protocol (45 minutes of cycling at %60-70 Vo2Peak)
and 3) rest protocol (control groups). Blood samples were taken before,
immediately after and 15 minutes after the end of every protocol. Finally, the serum levels of testosterone and
cortisol were measured and data was analyzed
using GLM-repeated measures ANOVA at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Resistance group showed
a significant increase in T:C ratio within the groups (p < 0.05) but variations
in T:C level were not significant between the groups. The difference of T:C
levels were not significant within and between the groups in endurance exercise
group. Conclusion: The results showed that a single bout of
resistance exercise and a single bout of endurance exercise do not acutely
influence T:C ratio in post-menopausal women.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1504_1ba7ba1275fd5482a7a04858f8fbdc15.pdf
The effect of aerobic training on serum levels of ghrelin and leptin in middle-aged men
Amir Hossein
Haghighi
گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
author
Hadi
Yarahmadi
فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
author
Arezu
IldarAbadi
فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
author
Alireza
Rafieepour
فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
author
text
article
2020
per
Background and Objective: Ghrelin and leptin are two
hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance and obesity. The
objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a course of aerobic
training on serum levels of ghrelin and leptin in the middle-aged men.
Materials and Materials and Methods: Twenty middle-aged volunteered
males were randomly divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. Aerobic training protocol
consisted of 3 sessions per week for 10 weeks. Each training session was a slow
running trial with intensity of 65 to 75 percent of maximal heart rate for a
period of 10 minutes. To follow the principle of overload, half-a-minute was
added to each session, so that, at the last session the running time reached to
25 minutes. Before and after the training
period, blood sampling was performed. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: There was no significant difference in serum
levels of ghrelin and leptin between control and experimental groups (p < 0.05). However, aerobic training significantly reduced
body mass index, body weight, waist to hip ratio, and body fat percent and
significantly increased the lean body weight and maximum oxygen uptake. Conclusion: It can be deduced that 10-week aerobic training
has no beneficial effect on serum levels of ghrelin and leptin in the
middle-aged men. However, to achieve more conclusive results, further
investigation is warranted.
Daneshvar Medicine
Shahed University
2716-9723
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2020
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https://daneshvarmed.shahed.ac.ir/article_1505_f0773ff961157ec45841ec8cda2ec185.pdf